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紅型衣装 浅葱地流水紅葉若松雲模様 / ColBase

Bingata

Bingata is a traditional dyeing technique from the Okinawa Islands. It incorporates various fabric dyeing techniques introduced by the Ryukyu Kingdom through their trade with surrounding Asian countries.

A traditional dyeing technique of the Okinawa Islands. It is thought that the unique fabric dyeing techniques used by the Ryukyu Kingdom were introduced to the region through their trade with the surrounding Asian countries, such as India and Java’s Chintz textiles or stencil dyeing from China. The influence of Japanese Yuzen dyeing and Noh costumes can also be seen in Ryukyu textiles and their patterns. There are many different theories on the exact origin of Ryukyu’s Bingata dyeing technique, with suppositions of its beginning varying from the 13th to the 15th century. The technique was often used in both the formal and daily clothing of the royal and warrior family, and also in stage costumes for performances held to entertain state guests. When the monarchy and feudal domains were abolished in 1879, the art fell into a period of decline with production later stopped entirely due to the Battle of Okinawa. It was revived after the war, and in 1973 Bingata was registered as an intangible cultural heritage of Okinawa. In 1996, the Bingata artist Yuko Tamanaha became a living national treasure, and even to this day the art of Bingata dyeing continues to be passed down in modern Okinawa. 

The dyeing process involves the use of a pattern, stencil dyeing (kata-zome), and hand drawing with piping rice paste, a resist dyeing technique known as tsutsugaki. The etymology of the term comes from the words Bin (colorful), and Kata (pattern), and the art is known for its vivid use of color, bold combination of patterns, and precise designs.

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Past Exhibitions

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サントリー美術館2002/2/122002/3/24

Institutions Holding Related Materials

  • 常設展のほか、企画展でも染め織り、王朝文化の展示をしている。

  • 常設展では、美術工芸部門展示「琉球の美」、民俗部門展示「沖縄の伝統とくらし」を展示。

  • 本館16室「アイヌと琉球」や企画展でも展示することもある。

External Links

  • 琉球大学附属図書館・伊波普猷文庫所蔵の山村耕花 編『紅型』(巧芸社, 1928)をデジタル化したもの。琉球大学附属図書館が運用する「琉球・沖縄関係貴重資料デジタルアーカイブ」で紅型の画像が閲覧できる。

  • 琉球紅型に関する解説サイト。

References