Tuna
An edible fish that went from a low-grade fish to the finest and most popular topping for Edo-style sushi
Tuna is a saltwater fish species that belongs to the tribe Thunnini, in the subfamily Perciformes, and the family Scombridae. The name maguro (tuna) generally refers to "tuna" is generally accepted to indicate Pacific bluefin tuna, but in recent years it is often used as a generic name for any Thunnini species, such as yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, and albacore. The tuna is a migratory fish that swims across vast ocean areas, and it is distributed in temperate and tropical zones throughout the world, including the seas near Japan. There are specimens that reach up to 3 meters 3m in length and 400kg kilograms in weight. Tuna fish extract oxygen from the sea water that which passes through their mouths and, through the force of their forward movement, is driven over their gills. This means that if they stop swimming, they will suffocate.
The tuna has a sleek, spindle-shaped body adapted for speed, along with small eyes, a metallic dark-blue dorsal side, and a silvery-whitish ventral side (underside). The dorsal fin is separated into two parts, frontal and posterior, and the posterior fin is triangular. Tuna are caught by means of There are various methods for tuna fishing, such as fixed pound net fishing, pole fishing, longline fishing, and purse seine fishing. Tuna is served as sashimi, In addition to sashimi (raw fish), tuna is also served as a sushi topping, topped with grated yam (yamakake), broiled with soy sauce (as teriyaki), simmered with leeks (negima), as stewed tuna cubes (kakuni), or it is topped with grated yam, simmered with leeks, or fried, sautéed, etc. It can be savored is thus used in a wide variety of dishes,: from sophisticated gourmet delicacies to ordinary household meals. Tuna is in season most delicious during the winter months.
Humans have consumed tuna from The relationship between humans and tuna fish dates back to ancient times. Numerous tuna bones and large fishing hooks have been excavated from shell mounds from the Jomon period (eighth millennium to fourth century BCcirca 14,000 BC to 10th century BC) and the Yayoi period (fifth century BC to third century ADcirca 10th century BC to mid-third century AD) in the Sanriku coastal area. In the Man'yoshu ("Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves", after 759), tuna appears under the name shibi. Until the early in the Edo period (1603-1867circa 1603-circa 1700), people did not like the taste of tuna very much, but by late in the late Edo period (circa 1750-circa 1850), tuna was already being broadly consumed. According to Honcho shokkan, a reference book on cooking and medicinal herbs written in the Edo period, people in the warrior class or higher typically did not eat tuna, but "recently, tuna is being served even at refined banquets." The custom habit of eating akami, the red-colored leaner tuna meat, marinated in soy sauce as a topping for sushi also spread in the late Edo period. The flesh of the tuna is classified into as red, lean meat (the aforementioned akami), and or fat meat (toro). , the fatter part of the tuna. Nowadays, the toro is considered to be of higher the better grade, but until early in the early Showa period (circa 1926-198945), it was the akami that was valued more highly.
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The National Diet Library (NDL), founded in 1948, is the library which belongs to the Diet. The NDL assists the activities of the National Diet. The Library collects and conserves materials and information both from Japan and abroad, serving as a foundation of knowledge and culture and providing library services to administrative and judicial entities and Japanese citizens.
青森県下北郡大間町では、毎年秋に「大間のマグロ」関連のイベントを開催。
北海道松前郡松前町では、毎年9月中旬頃に「松前城下マグロまつり」を開催。「松前本マグロ」を即売会や、本マグロ解体ショーなども行われる。
東京都江戸川区にある水族館。ドーナツ型の大水槽を泳ぐクロマグロが有名。
東京都江東区・豊洲市場では、マグロせりの様子を見学可能。事前申し込み・抽選制で、より間近にせりを見られる「マグロせり見学者デッキ」での見学も行われている。時間は朝5時半から1時間程度。
External Links
農林水産省公式Webマガジン。2020年6月号から週刊化された。「ふるさと給食自慢」や「達人レシピ」などの連載を載せている。
広報紙「FRANEWS」「おさかな瓦版」(国立研究開発法人水産研究・教育機構発行)をデジタル化し公開。水産に関する様々な特集を組んでいる。「FRANEWS」vol.8(2006年10月)・vol.62(2020年3月)、「おさかな瓦版」vol.53(2013年5月)・vol.63(2015年1月)にマグロの特集がある。
「栄養と料理」(女子栄養大学出版部)をデジタル化し公開。フリーキーワードからレシピ等が検索できる。
食文化に関係する錦絵を閲覧できる。
References
- 望月賢二 監修,魚類文化研究会, 雅麗 編,柏書房
- 能勢幸雄 [ほか] 編,東京堂出版,能勢, 幸雄(1926-)||ノセ, ユキオ <AU00335700> [ほか]編
- 平凡社 編,平凡社
- 尚学図書・言語研究所 編,小学館
- 金田禎之 著,東京堂出版
- 田辺悟 著,法政大学出版局