Culture of the Edo period (1) â Kanei Culture
Culture from the Genna (1615â1624) through the Kanei (1624â1644) years: Inheriting the characteristics of the middle ages and building bridges to the Genroku era (1688â1704)
Table of Contents
The term refers to the culture of the Kanei era (1624â1644) in the early Edo period, and by extension to the culture of the entire early modern age that was created in the period from the Genna era and continued throughout the Kanbun era. After Genna-Enbu (the peaceful state after the Genna era) (1615), in a period of relative peace and stability, the early modern feudal system of government with the Shogunate at its top was further strengthened. In the academic field, the government recognized and promoted the teachings of the ChengâZhu school of Chinese philosophy. Edo became the seat of a flourishing Confucian culture adapted to the political system, and the third shogun of the Tokugawa lineage, Iemitsu Tokugawa, completed the Nikko Toshogu Shrine as a mausoleum to enshrine his grandfather Ieyasu.
             Meanwhile, Kyoto became the stage of a growing momentum to revive the classic culture through the joint efforts of the aristocracy, warrior class, Buddhist priests, and the upper ranks of the townsfolk. Emperor Gomizunoo, a man of outstanding abilities both in academics and in arts, endeavored to restore the court culture, and devoted himself to studying classical literature and waka poetry, and also encouraged the common people to practice the arts. He is also known for designing the Shugakuin Imperial Villa, a complex, which together with the Katsura Imperial Villa, is representative of the architecture of that era. His wife, the daughter of Hidetada Tokugawa, the Empress Consort Masako Tokugawa (also known under the name Tofuku mon-in later in life), worked to restore various cultural assets, such as temples and shrines, damaged by wars, including Kiyomizu Temple. Sowa Kanamori, Sotatsu Tawaraya, Mitsuhiro Karasumaru, and other artists on the forefront of the Kanei culture were regular visitors at the imperial court. A representative figure of that period was Koetsu Honami, an artist who exhibited his talents in a wide variety of fields: calligraphy, painting, lacquer art, ceramics, etc. Later, the Kanei culture inherited the culture of splendor that had been cultivated ewer since the middle ages, and at the same time performed the important role of a source for the culture creation process that connects the early modern period to today, a role for which the Kanei culture is held in high esteem.
Literature and art
Scholarship
Fine art
Architecture and gardens
References
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