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江戸近郊八景之内 小金井橋夕照 / 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション

Hanami (Cherry Blossom Viewing)

Hanami refers to the custom of admiring and enjoying flowers, such as cherry blossoms and plum flowers. It was first held among the aristocrats, later spreading to the general public during the Edo era.

In the Nara era, the practice of hanami (flower viewing) began when the aristocrats held a feast to sing about plum and cherry blossoms in songs. It is believed that this idea spread to the general public during the Edo era. The Edo Shogunate's third and eighth generals, Iemitsu Tokugawa and Yoshimune Tokugawa, planted cherry blossoms in various places and recommended them as spring entertainment.

The first viewing place was created in Ueno. Iemitsu Tokugawa planted cherry trees in the precincts of the Tokugawa family’s Kaneiji Temple (the current Ueno Onshi Park). The appearance of hanami in Ueno was also drawn by the Ukiyo-e artist Hiroshige Utagawa. Following Ueno, the bank of Sumida River, Gotenyama and other famous viewing places were created. Cherry blossom viewing gained popularity with the public as an event that could be enjoyed regardless of social status.

For cherry blossom viewing during the Edo era, a Sageju (lunch box) was used. There are many elaborate designs on these boxes, including some with gold and silver lacquer work. The Ryori Hayashinan, which holds a collection of recipes from that time, describes the contents of a hanami bento (lunch box). It is a luxurious lunch that includes tamagoyaki (Japanese rolled omelet), kamaboko (a type of surimi, or fish cake), steamed flounder, sakura bream, grilled rice balls, and usukawa mochi (sticky rice cakes). Gorgeous hanami scenes can be seen in the works created by many Ukiyo-e artists.

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Institutions Holding Related Materials

  • 東京都上野に所在。寛永寺という徳川家の菩提寺の境内だった場所を、東京市が明治時代に市民に開放したのが始まりの国民公園。

  • 東京都品川区に所在。江戸時代の桜の名所である御殿山の、昔ながらの面影を今に伝える日本庭園。

  • 吉野山には古来桜が多く、シロヤマザクラを中心に約200種3万本の桜が密集している。

External Links

  • 国立国会図書館の電子展示会ウェブサイト。江戸時代の桜と花見について同館の所蔵資料を取り上げ紹介している。

  • 臨海部から奥多摩の山まで、6つのエリア別のソメイヨシノの開花状況を紹介。

References