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Bamboo shoots

New shoots that grow from the underground rhizomes of bamboo plants. Dug from the ground, they are prepared as food.

New shoots that grow from the underground rhizomes of bamboo plants from spring through summer. They are covered in scaly skin. Shoots that are just about to emerge from the ground, those that have sprouted up to about 10 days before, are dug up and harvested to be prepared as food. If allowed to grow too much, they can become fibrous and tough, making them unsuitable for eating. While many varieties of bamboo exist, species from which bamboo shoots have a long history of being eaten in Japan include madake (Japanese timber bamboo, Phyllostachys bambusoides) and hachiku (Henon bamboo, P. nigra var. henonis). The type found most commonly in commercial distribution today is moso bamboo (P. edulis) indigenous to China. Introduced to Japan in the Edo Period (1603–1868), the species has come to be cultivated in all regions of the country. New shoots of chishimazasa (Kuril bamboo, Sasa kurilensis) are also eaten. Other names for this species of broad-leafed bamboo include nemagaritake and himetake.

Though fresh new shoots just dug from the ground can also be eaten raw, the shoots develop a stronger acrid flavor with the passage of time, so in most cases, they are seasoned after undergoing a process of aku-nuki to remove harshness. This process is typically done by boiling unpeeled shoots for about an hour together with rice bran.

Various methods of preparing the shoots as food exist, including broiling, simmering, deep-frying, and sautéing. Well-known dishes include takenoko-meshi (bamboo shoot rice), wakatake-ni (bamboo shoots simmered with wakame seaweed), and kinome-ae (bamboo shoots dressed with sansho Japanese pepper leaves). With their light flavor and distinctive fragrance and texture, bamboo shoots are used in Chinese as well as Japanese cuisine. The season for picking shoots of moso bamboo is from March through May, making the shoots an ingredient considered a harbinger of the arrival of spring.

Now called takenoko in Japanese, old names for bamboo shoots include takamuna, takanna, and takona. Characters used for the name, besides the most commonly used kanji 筍, include 笋 and 竹の子, as well as the word 竹筍, read chikushun. References to bamboo shoots appearing in Japanese literature as early as Kojiki (“Records of Ancient Matters”) attest to their familiarity in Japanese society as a food ingredient since distant antiquity.

Related People, Things and Events

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Cooking and taste of bamboo shoots

Related Works

bamboo shoots in paintings

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Institutions and External Links

  • 京都府立植物園内にあり、庭園用、竹材、食用など、生活に関わりの深い有用竹笹類約70種を植栽。

  • 全国各地から収集した約110種類の竹を「生態園」に植栽。毎年「竹の資料館」には、京銘竹、エジソン電球、竹の生理・生態を説明するパネル、 京都の伝統的竹製品などが展示されている。

  • 農林水産省公式Webマガジン。2020年6月号から週刊化された。「ふるさと給食自慢」や「達人レシピ」などの連載を載せている。

  • 「栄養と料理」(女子栄養大学出版部)をデジタル化し公開。フリーキーワードからレシピ等が検索できる。

References

  1. 柏書房
  2. 木村陽二郎 監修,植物文化研究会, 雅麗 編,柏書房
  3. 人見必大 [著],島田勇雄 訳注,平凡社