Francis Xavier
A Spanish missionary during the period in which the Society of Jesus was founded, and the first missionary to bring Christian teachings to Japan
1506â1552
Francis Xavier, known as Zabieru, Zabie, Zaberiyo, and Shabieru in Japan, was a Spanish missionary, later canonized as a saint. As the first Christian missionary to Japan, he was also known as the âApostle of the East.â He was born into the EcheverrÃa family of Basque nobles in the Kingdom of Navarre in present-day Spain. He met Ignatius of Loyola while studying at the University of Paris, and he helped to found the Society of Jesus. At the request of John III of Portugal, he left Lisbon in 1541 to spread the faith in India. In 1542 he arrived in Goa and also proselytized in southern India, the Malay Peninsula, and the Moluccas. During this period, he met Yajiro (also known as Anjiro), a man from Kagoshima who was the first Japanese person he had ever met. With Yajiro as his guide, in 1549 Xavier arrived in Kagoshima with Cosme de Torres, Juan Fernández, and other missionaries. He had a meeting with Takahisa Shimazu, the military governor of the region, and stayed about 10 months there. After visiting Hirado and Yamaguchi, Xavier went to Kyoto, but he was not allowed to do missionary work. He returned to Suo, Yamaguchi, and received the protection of Daimyo Yoshitaka Ouchi to continue his missionary work. Xavier was also presented to Daimyo Sorin Otomo in Bungo. In 1551 he sailed from Bungo and headed to Goa, and in the following year he arrived on Shangchuan Island near Guangdong with the aim of proselytizing in China, but he caught a fever and died. His body was shipped to Goa, and his right arm was subsequently sent to Rome. In 1622 he was canonized as a saint, and in 1904 Pope Pius X designated St. Francis Xavier as the patron saint of all missions.
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