Double Ninth Festival (Choyo no Sekku)
Also known as the Chrysanthemum Festival, this annual event of Chinese origin occurs on the 9th of the lunar Ninth Month
The Double Ninth Festival (Choyo no Sekku) is a festival celebrated on the Ninth of the lunar Ninth Month. Also known as the Chrysanthemum Festival, it is one of the five ceremonies traditionally held at the imperial court. Since ancient times, in the Chinese Yin-Yang tradition, odd numbers have been called "yang numbers" and have been regarded as auspicious. Double Ninth, or 9/9, when the two largest yang numbers overlap, is considered an especially auspicious day. In China, it was customary on this day to drink wine with chrysanthemum flowers soaking in the wine to flavor it. Drinking such wine was said to bring longevity and to protect against disasters.
       This tradition crossed over to Japan and became an annual court event during the Heian period. A chrysanthemum feast was held in the palace, where the emperor and his courtiers wrote poetry and drank chrysanthemum sake. In a later age, the custom of kisewata (chrysanthemums covered with cotton) was added. By covering chrysanthemums with cotton the night before the festival and then stroking the skin with this cotton on the morning of the festival, kisewata, it is said, extends life. Descriptions of this festival appear in The Diary of Murasaki Shikibu and other works.
       During the Edo period (1603-1867), the bakufu designated the Double Ninth Festival (along with Hinamatsuri and Tango) as one of the five seasonal festivals, and the festival became extensively celebrated by samurai families. Eventually, commoners took up the tradition, and customs such as decorating with chrysanthemums, drinking chrysanthemum sake, and cooking chestnut rice became common.
       In addition, there is a theory that the etymology of the term for the autumn harvest festival in the Kyushu region, "Kunchi," derives from the date of the Double Ninth Festival, "kunichi" (the 9th), and was adopted because the festival was held on 9/9 of the lunar calendar. Examples of this term include Nagasaki Kunchi, Sasebo Kunchi, Imari Kunchi, and Karatsu Kunchi.
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