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与謝蕪村 / NDL Digital Collections

Buson Yosa

A haiku poet, painter, and calligrapher of the mid-Edo period, considered one of the greats of literati painting

Person Edo period Tokyo Kyoto Osaka Painting & Calligraphy Japanese literature History of Japan

1716–1783

Buson Yosa was a haiku poet and painter of the mid-Edo period. He was born to a farming family in Settsu Province (modern-day Osaka Prefecture). His family name was originally Taniguchi, but he later took the name Yosa. His haiku pen names included Buson, Saicho, and Yahantei (II), and his painter names included Shimei, Shunsei, and Shain. At the age of 17 or 18, he left for Edo, where he studied calligraphy, painting, and haiku poetry. Following the death of his haiku teacher, Hajin, who used the pen name Yahantei in 1742, he left Edo and spent about ten years wandering around the eastern provinces. In 1744 he first used the pen name Buson. After relocating to Kyoto in 1751, he received higher and higher appraisals for his calligraphy, painting, and haiku, eventually succeeding Yahantei in 1770 and rising to the status of haiku master. In 1773 he published Akegarasu (Crows of Dawn), an anthology of Buson-school poetry, and declared the revival of the Basho style of haiku (a style of haiku developed by Basho Matsuo). Strongly sentimental about Basho’s memory, Buson proactively involved himself in efforts to honor Basho, efforts such as restoring Basho’s hut at Konpuku Temple in eastern Kyoto in 1776. With a detachment from the secular world, Buson’s haiku style shows symbolic and aesthetic sensibilities. Buson played a leading role in revitalizing haiku. In the fields of calligraphy and painting, Buson, along with Taiga Ikeno, is considered one of the greats of literati painting, also known as southern painting, and is famous for painting Juben jugi zu (Ten Advantages and Ten Pleasures of Country Life), together with Taiga. Notable books of his include Shin hana tsumi (Picking New Flowers), Yahan raku (Midnight Music), and Tamamo shu (Duckweed Collection), as well as Buson kushu (Buson Verse Collection).

Related People, Things and Events

  • A style of painting that spread from China to Japan and was mastered in the Edo period by Taiga Ikeno and Buson Yosa

  • A literati painter of the mid-Edo period who mastered this style of painting along with Buson Yosa

  • Jakuchu Ito was a well-known painter from the mid-Edo era in Kyoto. He first studied with the Kano School, then developed his skills by studying the painting style of the Rinpa School and Chinese paintings from the Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties. In recent years, he has regained recognition for his realistic painting style and unique colors.

  • A group of artists that has held sway over Japanese painting circles for 400 years

  • A haiku poet of the early Edo period who established the Basho style and greatly influenced succeeding generations

  • Buson Yosa is the creator of Oku no Hosomichi Zu, a painting inspired by Oku no Hosomichi (“The Narrow Road to the Deep North”) by Basho Matsuo.

  • A representative haiku poet of the late Edo period (c.1750 – 1850) with a legacy of approximately 20,000 haiku. Issa Kobayashi is ranked with Basho Matsuo as Japan’s most revered haiku poets.

  • A trailblazing haiku and tanka poet of the Meiji period (1868 – 1912) who, sadly, died young. He is also known for reviving interest in the Japanese poet Buson Yosa, who had fallen into obscurity.

Books

Books by Buson

  • 蕪村,橘仙堂

    与謝蕪村著の俳諧撰集。安永9年（1780）刊。「牡丹散て打かさなりぬ二三片〈蕪村〉」「冬木だち月骨髄に入夜哉〈凡董〉」をそれぞれ発句とする蕪村・凡董の両吟二巻の歌仙からなる。芭蕉連句「冬の日」の影響を受けた浪漫的幻想的作風で、蕪村の代表作とされる。蕪村七部集の一つ。

  • [谷口蕪村] [著],[出版者不明]

    江戸後期の俳諧撰集。一冊。与謝蕪村編著。安永6年（1777）刊。歌仙一巻、「春興雑題」四三句、「春風馬堤曲」一八章、「澱河歌」三章、「老鶯児」一句を集録。馬堤曲、澱河歌は蕪村自身の作品で発句・漢詩・長句が一体となって調和した特殊な形式をもつ。掲載箇所は「春風馬堤曲」の冒頭。本書の伝本は極めて少なく、掲出本は天理図書館綿屋文庫所蔵、安永6年橘仙堂刊の複製本。

  • 蕪村 著,月渓 編・画,塩屋忠兵衛

    蕪村晩年の句文集。安永6年（1777）成立。作者没後の天明4年（1784）とし呉春 （松村月渓）が挿絵7葉を描き入れた。1797年（寛政9）この自筆原本を板下に大坂・塩屋忠兵衛が刊行。

  • 與謝蕪村原(著),京河南義兵衛

    『蕪村七部集』は蕪村関係の代表的俳書を集めたもの。『蕪村七部集』に載る月渓による序に、「夜半翁」（蕪村）の著作を取り集めて小冊子とし、蕪村七部集と題したと記されている。

Bibliographies

  • 正岡子規 著,高浜清 編,籾山書店

    大正2年（1913）の出版。画像は『俳人蕪村』の一部で、左ページ1行目から「芭蕉といふ名は徹頭徹尾尊敬の意味を表したる中に、（中略）世人は之を知らず、宗匠は之を尊ばず、百年間空しく瓦礫と共に埋められて光彩を放つを得ざりし者を蕪村とす」と記されており、これが与謝蕪村の再評価に繋がった書である。

  • 大野洒竹 著,春陽堂

  • 萩原朔太郎 著,小学館

Related Works

  • 与謝蕪村,Yosa Buson,京都国立博物館 Kyoto National Museum,Kyoto National Museum

    重要文化財。芭蕉の『奥の細道』の本文を書写し、それに蕪村が俳画を新たに描き加えたもの。全二巻からなる。掲載箇所は、冒頭部分。

  • 与謝蕪村,Yosa Buson,京都国立博物館 Kyoto National Museum,Kyoto National Museum

    芭蕉が壺碑（「つぼのいしぶみ」、宮城県多賀城市に所在する古代の多賀城碑）を訪れた際の部分。

  • 与謝蕪村筆,By Yosa Buson (1716–1783),東京国立博物館,Tokyo National Museum

    重要文化財。右隻に月の残る明け方の山野を三人の旅人が馬の背に揺られて進む様子を、左隻に四人の老いた高士が童僕の手を借りながら急な山道を登る様子をユーモラスに描いている。本図は右隻の一部。

  • 与謝蕪村

    中国晋代の穆帝（ぼくてい）の永和9年（353）、文雅の士41人が蘭亭に会して曲水に觴（さかずき）を流して詩を詠み、このときの詩集に王羲之が序を記した。本図はその情景を描いたものの一部。

  • 与謝蕪村,Yosa Buson,京都国立博物館 Kyoto National Museum,Kyoto National Museum

    高価な絖（ぬめ、書画を描くときに使用するつやのある絹布）で屏風を描きたいと思っていた蕪村のために弟子たちが屏風講を組織し、金を出し合って製作できたという逸話のある十二双の屏風の一。

  • 呉春（松村月渓）,Goshun (Matsumura Gekkei),京都国立博物館 Kyoto National Museum,Kyoto National Museum

    呉春（ごしゅん）は江戸時代中・後期の絵師、松村月渓である。四条派の始祖で、初め蕪村に師事した。月渓は号で、後年画姓を呉、画名を春とし、呉春として知られる。

  • ［蔵書印主］与謝蕪村,［蔵書印主よみ］よさぶそん

    国文学研究資料館。「春星」は蕪村の画号。

Past Exhibitions

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Institutions Holding Related Materials

  • The National Diet Library (NDL), founded in 1948, is the library which belongs to the Diet. The NDL assists the activities of the National Diet. The Library collects and conserves materials and information both from Japan and abroad, serving as a foundation of knowledge and culture and providing library services to administrative and judicial entities and Japanese citizens.

  • As Japan’s representative museum, Tokyo National Museum collects, preserves, displays, and researches the cultural properties of Asia with a focus on Japan, and also provides educational programs.

  • Kyoto National Museum collects, preserves, displays, researches and provides educational programs focusing on cultural properties from Heian- through to Edo- period Japan, when the capital was located there.

  • Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art was founded as the successor of the Aichi Prefectural Art Gallery, which originally opened in Sakae, the center of Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, in 1955. The museum opened in 1992 as part of the Aichi Arts Center, an urban cultural complex, and has established a wide-range collection of approximately 8,000 items, centered on works of art of the twentieth century. The Museum has also organized numerous exhibition of a wide-range of themes. The Museum has actively worked to develop and communicate new aspects of art and culture to the public, based on its core mission to serve as the primary art museum of the Chubu region.

  • This institution strives to serve researchers in the field of Japanese literature as well as those working in various other humanities fields, by collecting in one location a massive archive of materials related to Japanese literature from all corners of the country.

External Links

  • 大阪市HPより。ページ作成者は都島区役所総務課。蕪村とその誕生地である都島について解説している。

  • 岡田美術館の企画展の一部の画像が見られる。

  • 公益財団法人「関西・大阪21世紀協会」HPより。

References

  1. 芳賀徹　早川聞多,講談社
  2. [谷口蕪村 著],尾形仂 校注,岩波書店
  3. 藤田真一 著,岩波書店
  4. 藤田真一 監修,平凡社
  5. 「蕪村」の項
  6. 「蕪村」の項
  7. 「与謝蕪村」の項
  8. 「与謝蕪村」の項
  9. 歴史学研究会 編,岩波書店
Responsibility
National Diet Library
Secondary Usage

except images: check each right statement

Last updated
July 31, 2024