{"facets":[{"counts":{"incr":8792,"edu":4373,"noncom":4372,"com":4315,"ccby":4134,"others":1774,"ccbyncnd":1242,"nocr_cont":201,"pdm":172,"ccbyncsa":45,"uneval":21,"ccbync":12,"ccbysa":6,"cc0":3,"incr_edu":1},"key":"rights"},{"counts":{"internet":12779,"not_exist":1486,"iiif":262,"image":17794,"video":205,"text":3,"thumb":8228,"description":5589},"key":"contents"},{"counts":{"archeology":2285,"sculpture":1777,"ancdoc":2295,"arts":841,"metal":684,"paint":256,"natural":191,"weaponry":146,"ceramic":110,"daw":103,"craft":157,"architecture":47,"video":40,"lacquer":40,"other":36,"docs":35,"performance":15,"site":11,"3d":3,"photo":3,"map":1,"customs":1},"key":"type"},{"counts":{"NarahakuImageDB":5267,"cobas":4035,"bunka":3286,"nmj01":2516,"adeac":1623,"NagoyaCity_Museum":807,"NarahakuCollectionDB":786,"aokenshida_mat":434,"fcm_db":338,"bunkazai_video":205,"miebunkazai":135,"arc_books":74,"arc_resource":71,"dignl":68,"saiku":61,"nij16":59,"apmoa_mapps":42,"miemu02":37,"KGU_koko":35,"keioobjecthub":34,"u004":33,"kyudai":22,"arc_nishikie":15,"nij14":15,"oitacityarchive":15,"FC_cultural01":13,"gakugei_archive":7,"daito":6,"moco_cs":6,"fukui":5,"ARC_maps":3,"ryukoku":3,"u001":3,"moco_od":2,"nij15":2,"okura":2,"tfam_art_db":2,"bungakukan_yamanashi":1,"hischigasakicity":1,"ishikawa":1,"meiji_u":1,"nakamura":1,"sdcommons_npmh":1,"wakayama_archives":1},"key":"db"},{"counts":{"cultural":15484,"humanities":4641,"art":4623,"book":1862,"regional":1613,"science":467,"broadcast":205,"media":71,"movie":71,"official":8,"map":3},"key":"cm"},{"counts":{"nara":20074,"heian":12534,"asuka":7381},"key":"tempo"}],"from":0,"hit":20074,"list":[{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14556/image/slideshow_s/E-14556_E0072309.jpg"],"contributor":["丸山安吉外5名寄贈","Gift of Mr. Maruyama Yasukichi and five others","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"coordinates":{"lat":35.34733963012695,"lon":137.4156036376953},"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>　岐阜県恵那郡山岡町馬場山田に所在する経塚から出土した鏡。平安時代の鏡でこのように大型の作は珍しい。洲浜に左まわりに配した梅樹の下で2羽の雉が戯れ飛ぶ。この絵画的な構図は後に、鏡背文様の典型的な構図となるが、その先駆をなすものである。　　　　<br /></p>","id":"cobas-71683","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-14556","location":["岐阜県恵那市山岡町馬場山田 飯高経塚出土","Excavated at Iitaka Sutra Mound, Yamaoka-cho, Ena-shi, Gifu"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14556/image/slideshow_s/E-14556_E0072309.jpg"],"title":"洲浜梅樹雉鏡","titleEn":"Mirror, Sandbank, plum tree, and pheasant design","titleYomi":"すはまばいじゅきじきょう"},"id":"cobas-71683","rdfindex":{"spatial":["日本 > 岐阜県"],"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["金工"]},"cobas-0-s":"71683","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-14556","cobas-2-s":"E-14556","cobas-4-s":"金工","cobas-5-s":"洲浜梅樹雉鏡","cobas-6-s":"すはまばいじゅきじきょう","cobas-7-s":"1面","cobas-10-s":"岐阜県恵那市山岡町馬場山田 飯高経塚出土","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅鋳製","cobas-13-s":"径20.8 縁高0.5","cobas-15-s":"丸山安吉外5名寄贈","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　岐阜県恵那郡山岡町馬場山田に所在する経塚から出土した鏡。平安時代の鏡でこのように大型の作は珍しい。洲浜に左まわりに配した梅樹の下で2羽の雉が戯れ飛ぶ。この絵画的な構図は後に、鏡背文様の典型的な構図となるが、その先駆をなすものである。　　　　<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14556/image/slideshow_s/E-14556_E0072309.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"49473","cobas-22-s":"71683","cobas-29-s":"工芸:鏡","cobas-31-s":"Metalwork","cobas-32-s":"Mirror, Sandbank, plum tree, and pheasant design","cobas-36-s":"Excavated at Iitaka Sutra Mound, Yamaoka-cho, Ena-shi, Gifu","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Cast Bronze","cobas-41-s":"Gift of Mr. Maruyama Yasukichi and five others","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-46-s":"Applied arts:Mirrors"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-3105/image/slideshow_s/B-3105_E0085113.jpg"],"contributor":["伝藤原行成筆","Attributed to Fujiwara no Kōzei (972–1027)","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"728","description":"<p>もとは巻子本の『和漢朗詠集』で、下巻のみ断簡として伝存します。雲母砂子＠きらすなご＠が撒＠ま＠かれた薄藍色の料紙が用いられています。「高野切＠こうやぎれ＠古今集（第三種）」と同筆ですが、藤原行成筆と伝称されてきました。筆力に富み、筆先のきいた迷いのない流麗な筆致から、その能書ぶりがうかがえます。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>This segment was originally part of a handscroll containing a transcription of the second volume of a renowned poetry anthology. The nimble, cursive calligraphy was brushed with vigor, making this an exemplary piece by Fujiwara no Kōzei (972–1027). The paper was dyed with indigo and decorated with mica powder.</p>","id":"cobas-57856","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-3105","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・11世紀","Heian period, 11th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-3105/image/slideshow_s/B-3105_E0085113.jpg"],"title":"和漢朗詠集断簡（法輪寺切）","titleEn":"Part of Collection of Japanese and Chinese Poems to Sing (One of the “Hōrinji-Temple Fragments”)","titleYomi":"わかんろうえいしゅうだんかん　ほうりんじぎれ"},"id":"cobas-57856","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"57856","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-3105","cobas-2-s":"B-3105","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"和漢朗詠集断簡（法輪寺切）","cobas-6-s":"わかんろうえいしゅうだんかん　ほうりんじぎれ","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"伝藤原行成筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・11世紀","cobas-12-s":"彩箋墨書","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>もとは巻子本の『和漢朗詠集』で、下巻のみ断簡として伝存します。雲母砂子＠きらすなご＠が撒＠ま＠かれた薄藍色の料紙が用いられています。「高野切＠こうやぎれ＠古今集（第三種）」と同筆ですが、藤原行成筆と伝称されてきました。筆力に富み、筆先のきいた迷いのない流麗な筆致から、その能書ぶりがうかがえます。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-3105/image/slideshow_s/B-3105_E0085113.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"33825","cobas-22-s":"57856","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Part of Collection of Japanese and Chinese Poems to Sing (One of the “Hōrinji-Temple Fragments”)","cobas-34-s":"Attributed to Fujiwara no Kōzei (972–1027)","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 11th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on decorated paper","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>This segment was originally part of a handscroll containing a transcription of the second volume of a renowned poetry anthology. The nimble, cursive calligraphy was brushed with vigor, making this an exemplary piece by Fujiwara no Kōzei (972–1027). The paper was dyed with indigo and decorated with mica powder.</p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2444/image/slideshow_s/B-2444_C0045536.jpg"],"contributor":["伝小野道風筆","Attributed to Ono no Tōfū (894–966)","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"914","description":"<p>中国・唐時代の白居易(白楽天)の詩文を集めた『白氏文集』の巻55より、「想帰田園」のさいごの部分と、「太湖石」の詩題を書写している。『白氏文集』は10世紀には日本に渡来しており、平安時代の貴族に好まれた。染め絹に書かれているため「絹地切」と呼ばれる。ルビ：はくきょい、はくらくてん、はくしもんじゅう、<br /></p><br /><p>　中国・唐時代の詩人、白楽天（はくらくてん）の詩を集めた『白氏文集（はくしもんじゅう）』が平安時代の初めに日本に伝わると、貴族たちの間で流行しました。この作品は染めた絹に『白氏文集』を写したものの一部で、掛軸に仕立て直されています。このように染めた絹や紙に書かれたものは、贈りものとして用いられました。記したのは、平安時代中期の書の名人、小野道風（おののとうふう）と伝えられています。<br />　前の3行が同じ詩の一部、4行目がそのあとに続く次の詩のタイトルです。1行目と2行目は、流れるような筆の運びで、最初の2文字は細く、3文字目は太く、その後の文字はまた細くというように、線に強弱をつけています。2行が同じリズムで書かれていることが分かります。3行目の先頭、「人」という字に注目してください。これまでの流れるような筆使いとは違い、はらいがなくしっかりと止まっています。線は、墨をついだような跡はみられませんが、やや太めです。この詩を締めくくる行は、前の2行とは異なる筆の勢いです。<br />　筆の運びに変化を加えながら、最後は締まるように書いているのは書の名人ならではといえるでしょう。詩の全体がどんなリズムで書かれていたのか、想像してみるのも面白いのではないでしょうか。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Written by a noble of the Heian period, the text on this segment is from the [Anthology of Poems by Bai Juyi]. It is written on a piece of dyed silk.  <br /></p><br /><p>Around the beginning of the 9th century, an anthology of poems composed by the Tang-dynasty (618–907) Chinese poet Bai Juyi was brought to Japan and gained popularity among the nobility. This hanging scroll was refashioned from a section of that anthology copied onto dyed silk. Texts written on dyed silk or paper, like this one, were given as gifts. It is said that this example was written by the 10th-century Japanese master calligrapher Ono no Tōfū.<br /><br />Reading downward from right to left, the first three lines are all part of the same poem, and the fourth line is the title of the next poem. The first and second lines feature flowing brushwork and varied force in their strokes. Their first two characters are written in fine strokes using only the tip of the brush, the third characters are bold, using up to the middle of the brush, and the following characters return to fine brushstrokes. It is apparent that the first two lines are written with the same rhythm. Look closely at the first character of the third line. It is solidly fixed, with no sweeping strokes, unlike the flowing brushwork of the earlier lines. Its strokes are relatively thick, although there are no visible traces of added ink. This line, which concludes the first poem, employs a different style of brushwork from the previous two.<br /><br />Only a master calligrapher could conclude the poem firmly like this while also adding variation in brushwork and line thickness. It can be fun to picture the rhythm with which the whole poem was written.</p>","id":"cobas-57491","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2444","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・10世紀","Heian period, 10th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2444/image/slideshow_s/B-2444_C0045536.jpg"],"title":"白氏詩巻断簡（絹地切）","titleEn":"Part of Collection of Writings by Bai Juyi (Called the Silk-Ground Fragment)","titleYomi":"はくししかんだんかん　きぬじぎれ"},"id":"cobas-57491","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"57491","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2444","cobas-2-s":"B-2444","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"白氏詩巻断簡（絹地切）","cobas-6-s":"はくししかんだんかん　きぬじぎれ","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"伝小野道風筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・10世紀","cobas-12-s":"絹本墨書","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>中国・唐時代の白居易(白楽天)の詩文を集めた『白氏文集』の巻55より、「想帰田園」のさいごの部分と、「太湖石」の詩題を書写している。『白氏文集』は10世紀には日本に渡来しており、平安時代の貴族に好まれた。染め絹に書かれているため「絹地切」と呼ばれる。ルビ：はくきょい、はくらくてん、はくしもんじゅう、<br /></p><br /><p>　中国・唐時代の詩人、白楽天（はくらくてん）の詩を集めた『白氏文集（はくしもんじゅう）』が平安時代の初めに日本に伝わると、貴族たちの間で流行しました。この作品は染めた絹に『白氏文集』を写したものの一部で、掛軸に仕立て直されています。このように染めた絹や紙に書かれたものは、贈りものとして用いられました。記したのは、平安時代中期の書の名人、小野道風（おののとうふう）と伝えられています。<br />　前の3行が同じ詩の一部、4行目がそのあとに続く次の詩のタイトルです。1行目と2行目は、流れるような筆の運びで、最初の2文字は細く、3文字目は太く、その後の文字はまた細くというように、線に強弱をつけています。2行が同じリズムで書かれていることが分かります。3行目の先頭、「人」という字に注目してください。これまでの流れるような筆使いとは違い、はらいがなくしっかりと止まっています。線は、墨をついだような跡はみられませんが、やや太めです。この詩を締めくくる行は、前の2行とは異なる筆の勢いです。<br />　筆の運びに変化を加えながら、最後は締まるように書いているのは書の名人ならではといえるでしょう。詩の全体がどんなリズムで書かれていたのか、想像してみるのも面白いのではないでしょうか。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2444/image/slideshow_s/B-2444_C0045536.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"33042","cobas-22-s":"57491","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Part of Collection of Writings by Bai Juyi (Called the Silk-Ground Fragment)","cobas-34-s":"Attributed to Ono no Tōfū (894–966)","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 10th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on silk","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Written by a noble of the Heian period, the text on this segment is from the [Anthology of Poems by Bai Juyi]. It is written on a piece of dyed silk.  <br /></p><br /><p>Around the beginning of the 9th century, an anthology of poems composed by the Tang-dynasty (618–907) Chinese poet Bai Juyi was brought to Japan and gained popularity among the nobility. This hanging scroll was refashioned from a section of that anthology copied onto dyed silk. Texts written on dyed silk or paper, like this one, were given as gifts. It is said that this example was written by the 10th-century Japanese master calligrapher Ono no Tōfū.<br /><br />Reading downward from right to left, the first three lines are all part of the same poem, and the fourth line is the title of the next poem. The first and second lines feature flowing brushwork and varied force in their strokes. Their first two characters are written in fine strokes using only the tip of the brush, the third characters are bold, using up to the middle of the brush, and the following characters return to fine brushstrokes. It is apparent that the first two lines are written with the same rhythm. Look closely at the first character of the third line. It is solidly fixed, with no sweeping strokes, unlike the flowing brushwork of the earlier lines. Its strokes are relatively thick, although there are no visible traces of added ink. This line, which concludes the first poem, employs a different style of brushwork from the previous two.<br /><br />Only a master calligrapher could conclude the poem firmly like this while also adding variation in brushwork and line thickness. It can be fun to picture the rhythm with which the whole poem was written.</p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/F-19931/image/slideshow_s/F-19931_E0137966.jpg"],"contributor":["伯耆安綱","By Yasutsuna","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"756","description":"<p>伯耆安綱は平安時代を代表する刀工。なかでもこの太刀は、名物童子切（どうじきり）安綱としてとくに名高く、細かく不定形な小乱の刃文は複雑な変化をみせている。その名は、凶賊退治の名刀が酒呑童子（しゅてんどうじ）伝説などと結びついたと考えられ、天下五剣の一つとして足利将軍家、徳川将軍家から越前松平家、津山松平家に伝来した。<br /></p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Legend tells of how the warrior Minamoto no Raiko slayed a man-eating demon with this blade. Myths aside, it was without a doubt wielded by a number of famous generals.<br /></p>","id":"cobas-159140","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/F-19931","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・10～12世紀","Heian period, 10th-12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/F-19931/image/slideshow_s/F-19931_E0137966.jpg"],"title":"太刀　銘 安綱（名物 童子切安綱）","titleEn":"Tachi Sword, Known as “Dojikiri Yasutsuna”","titleYomi":"たち　めい　やすつな（めいぶつ　どうじぎりやすつな）"},"id":"cobas-159140","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["刀剣"]},"cobas-0-s":"159140","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/F-19931","cobas-2-s":"F-19931","cobas-3-s":"国宝","cobas-4-s":"刀剣","cobas-5-s":"太刀　銘 安綱（名物 童子切安綱）","cobas-6-s":"たち　めい　やすつな（めいぶつ　どうじぎりやすつな）","cobas-7-s":"1口","cobas-8-s":"伯耆安綱","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・10～12世紀","cobas-14-s":"銘　安綱","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>伯耆安綱は平安時代を代表する刀工。なかでもこの太刀は、名物童子切（どうじきり）安綱としてとくに名高く、細かく不定形な小乱の刃文は複雑な変化をみせている。その名は、凶賊退治の名刀が酒呑童子（しゅてんどうじ）伝説などと結びついたと考えられ、天下五剣の一つとして足利将軍家、徳川将軍家から越前松平家、津山松平家に伝来した。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/F-19931/image/slideshow_s/F-19931_E0137966.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"179055","cobas-22-s":"159140","cobas-29-s":"工芸:武器・武具:刀剣:太刀","cobas-30-s":"National Treasure","cobas-31-s":"Arms & Armor","cobas-32-s":"Tachi Sword, Known as “Dojikiri Yasutsuna”","cobas-34-s":"By Yasutsuna","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 10th-12th century","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Legend tells of how the warrior Minamoto no Raiko slayed a man-eating demon with this blade. Myths aside, it was without a doubt wielded by a number of famous generals.<br /></p>","cobas-46-s":"Applied arts:Arms and armor:Blades:Tachi"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2535/image/slideshow_s/B-2535_C0086122.jpg"],"contributor":["伝源信義筆","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"911","description":"<p>神楽歌(かぐらうた)の写本として現存最古のもの。原表紙に「神楽歌信義自筆」と外題(げだい)が書かれ、笛の名手源信義(醍醐天皇曾孫)筆とされる。その確証はないが、書風から、信義とほぼ同時代の10世紀の書写と推定される。裏面には「毛詩並毛詩正義」の残巻で唐時代の写本。<br /></p>","id":"cobas-158964","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2535","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・10～11世紀","Heian period, 10th - 11th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2535/image/slideshow_s/B-2535_C0086122.jpg"],"title":"神歌抄／毛詩並毛詩正義大雅残巻（紙背）","titleEn":"Shinka-sho (Collection of Shinto Songs)","titleYomi":"しんかしょう"},"id":"cobas-158964","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"158964","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2535","cobas-2-s":"B-2535","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"神歌抄／毛詩並毛詩正義大雅残巻（紙背）","cobas-6-s":"しんかしょう","cobas-7-s":"1巻","cobas-8-s":"伝源信義筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・10～11世紀","cobas-12-s":"紙本墨書","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>神楽歌(かぐらうた)の写本として現存最古のもの。原表紙に「神楽歌信義自筆」と外題(げだい)が書かれ、笛の名手源信義(醍醐天皇曾孫)筆とされる。その確証はないが、書風から、信義とほぼ同時代の10世紀の書写と推定される。裏面には「毛詩並毛詩正義」の残巻で唐時代の写本。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2535/image/slideshow_s/B-2535_C0086122.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"178877","cobas-22-s":"158964","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Shinka-sho (Collection of Shinto Songs)","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 10th - 11th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on paper","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/J268/image/slideshow_s/80894.LL.jpg"],"contributor":["坂田氏寄贈","九州国立博物館"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>「都城型」と分類される土馬で、三日月形の馬面が確認できる。馬面の両側面には、線刻で目が描かれている。体部には目立った装飾はなく、抽象化が進んだ形式的な造形と評価できる。土馬は律令祭祀で用いられる祭具の一つであり、井戸や流路などの水辺での出土数が多い。祭祀の際に土馬を意図的に破壊する事例が目立ち、本品で見られる右後脚の欠損も、奈良時代の祭祀行為により生じたと見られる。奈良時代の欠損部位は、発見後の修復で復元されている。</p>","id":"cobas-162540","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/kyuhaku/J268","location":["伝奈良県"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"kyuhaku","temporal":["奈良時代 8世紀"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/J268/image/slideshow_s/80894.LL.jpg"],"title":"土馬","titleYomi":"どば"},"id":"cobas-162540","rdfindex":{"spatial":["日本 > 奈良県"],"temporal":["奈良時代"],"type":["考古"]},"cobas-0-s":"162540","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/kyuhaku/J268","cobas-2-s":"J268","cobas-4-s":"考古","cobas-5-s":"土馬","cobas-6-s":"どば","cobas-7-s":"1点","cobas-10-s":"伝奈良県","cobas-11-s":"奈良時代 8世紀","cobas-12-s":"土製","cobas-13-s":"高7.0　縦12.3　横12.3","cobas-15-s":"坂田氏寄贈","cobas-16-s":"九州国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>「都城型」と分類される土馬で、三日月形の馬面が確認できる。馬面の両側面には、線刻で目が描かれている。体部には目立った装飾はなく、抽象化が進んだ形式的な造形と評価できる。土馬は律令祭祀で用いられる祭具の一つであり、井戸や流路などの水辺での出土数が多い。祭祀の際に土馬を意図的に破壊する事例が目立ち、本品で見られる右後脚の欠損も、奈良時代の祭祀行為により生じたと見られる。奈良時代の欠損部位は、発見後の修復で復元されている。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/J268/image/slideshow_s/80894.LL.jpg","cobas-19-s":"kyuhaku","cobas-20-s":"eeb7969e20cdb6b82847248e1008d32c","cobas-21-s":"17660","cobas-22-s":"162540"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19830/image/slideshow_s/E-19830_E0154271.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"188","description":"<p>　密教は仏教の宗派の一つで、古代インドで発生し中国に広まり、日本には9世紀の初め弘法大師空海（こうぼうだいしくうかい）により本格的に導入されました。密教では、「大日如来」（だいにちにょらい）という仏を中心に、多種多様な仏がまるで細胞のように働き、宇宙を構成していると考えられています。密教では、「密教法具」（みっきょうほうぐ）と呼ばれる独特の道具が用いられます。密教法具には様々な種類がありますが、その内容は大きく２つに分かれます。一つは捧げものや液体、花やお香を入れる実用的な器類。もう一つが、先の尖った武器のような形をしている法具。古代インドの武器がその原型といわれています。実用というよりは武器のシンボルで、煩悩や邪悪なものを打ち破るという意味が込められているのです。密教法具は壇の上に規則的に並べられ、僧侶はその壇を前に儀式をとり行います。<br />　金剛盤は、そうした武器のシンボルである金剛杵（こんごうしょ） や金剛鈴（こんごう）を安置するための足付きの台です。金剛とはダイヤモンドのこと。つまりダイヤモンドのように固いということを意味しています。金剛盤は４弁の花のような形をしていますが、１弁はでっぱりが小さく、ほとんど平坦な線を描いています。この平坦な方を手前にして置き、盤の中央に五鈷鈴（ごこれい）、五鈷鈴を三角に取り囲むように、独鈷杵（とっこしょ）、三鈷杵（さんこしょ）、五鈷杵（ごこしょ）の３種の金剛杵を配置するのが最も一般的です。<br />　この金剛盤は銅を鋳造（ちゅうぞう）して成型し、盤の表に蓮華唐草を彫り表したのち、全体を鍍金（ときん）しています。底には３つの足を取りつけています。蓮華唐草の文様を表す彫刻の技法は、通常とやや異なっています。文様の形に線を彫り込むのではなく、文様の周囲を掘り下げることで、文様をレリーフのように浮き立たせているのです。この彫刻技法によって表現された蓮華唐草の文様が、12世紀の美術に特有の、繊細で柔和な印象を与えています。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Esoteric Buddhism originated in ancient India and it then spread to China before arriving on Japan's shores at the start of the 9th century. The central figure in the Esoteric Buddhist pantheon is Dainichi Nyorai, or Mahavairocana in Sanskrit. He is surrounded by a variety of Buddhas with different roles. A diverse range of ritual implements are used in Esoteric Buddhism, though these can broadly be divided into two groups. One group contains practical vessels used to make offerings or hold liquids, flowers, or incense. The other group contains pointed weapon-like objects. These are said to be modelled on real weapons from ancient India. They are used to symbolize the striking down of worldly desires and wickedness. These ritual implements are arranged in a set order on the altar, with the priest then standing before the altar to perform the ceremony.<br /><br />A kongoban is a footed tray that holds weapon-like implements like vajras and vajra bells. It is shaped like a four-petalled flower. One petal hardly protrudes at all and is portrayed using essentially flat lines. Usually, the tray is set on the altar with this flat section at the front, with a five-pronged bell and a five-pronged vajra club in the center surrounded by a pestle with one prong, a pestle with three prongs, and a pestle with five prongs, all arranged in a triangle.<br /><br />This kongoban was cast in bronze, with a lotus arabesque pattern engraved on the surface and the entire body covered with gilded bronze. It also has three legs fitted on the bottom. A slightly unusual carving method has been used for the lotus arabesque. Rather than engraving the shapes in lines, the producer has etched out the area around the patterns to produce a relief-like effect. Lotus arabesques carved in this fashion are characteristic of artworks from the 12th century. The technique lends the work a gentle, delicate air.</p>","id":"cobas-74455","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-19830","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19830/image/slideshow_s/E-19830_E0154271.jpg"],"title":"金銅蓮華唐草文金剛盤","titleEn":"Tray for Ritual Tools (&quot;Kongōban&quot;) with Lotus Vines","titleYomi":"こんどうれんげからくさもんこんごうばん"},"id":"cobas-74455","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["金工"]},"cobas-0-s":"74455","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-19830","cobas-2-s":"E-19830","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"金工","cobas-5-s":"金銅蓮華唐草文金剛盤","cobas-6-s":"こんどうれんげからくさもんこんごうばん","cobas-7-s":"1面","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅製　鋳造　鍍金　彫金","cobas-13-s":"縦16.8　横24.8　高3.0","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　密教は仏教の宗派の一つで、古代インドで発生し中国に広まり、日本には9世紀の初め弘法大師空海（こうぼうだいしくうかい）により本格的に導入されました。密教では、「大日如来」（だいにちにょらい）という仏を中心に、多種多様な仏がまるで細胞のように働き、宇宙を構成していると考えられています。密教では、「密教法具」（みっきょうほうぐ）と呼ばれる独特の道具が用いられます。密教法具には様々な種類がありますが、その内容は大きく２つに分かれます。一つは捧げものや液体、花やお香を入れる実用的な器類。もう一つが、先の尖った武器のような形をしている法具。古代インドの武器がその原型といわれています。実用というよりは武器のシンボルで、煩悩や邪悪なものを打ち破るという意味が込められているのです。密教法具は壇の上に規則的に並べられ、僧侶はその壇を前に儀式をとり行います。<br />　金剛盤は、そうした武器のシンボルである金剛杵（こんごうしょ） や金剛鈴（こんごう）を安置するための足付きの台です。金剛とはダイヤモンドのこと。つまりダイヤモンドのように固いということを意味しています。金剛盤は４弁の花のような形をしていますが、１弁はでっぱりが小さく、ほとんど平坦な線を描いています。この平坦な方を手前にして置き、盤の中央に五鈷鈴（ごこれい）、五鈷鈴を三角に取り囲むように、独鈷杵（とっこしょ）、三鈷杵（さんこしょ）、五鈷杵（ごこしょ）の３種の金剛杵を配置するのが最も一般的です。<br />　この金剛盤は銅を鋳造（ちゅうぞう）して成型し、盤の表に蓮華唐草を彫り表したのち、全体を鍍金（ときん）しています。底には３つの足を取りつけています。蓮華唐草の文様を表す彫刻の技法は、通常とやや異なっています。文様の形に線を彫り込むのではなく、文様の周囲を掘り下げることで、文様をレリーフのように浮き立たせているのです。この彫刻技法によって表現された蓮華唐草の文様が、12世紀の美術に特有の、繊細で柔和な印象を与えています。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19830/image/slideshow_s/E-19830_E0154271.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"52262","cobas-22-s":"74455","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Metalwork","cobas-32-s":"Tray for Ritual Tools (&quot;Kongōban&quot;) with Lotus Vines","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Cast bronze with gilding and carved decoration","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Esoteric Buddhism originated in ancient India and it then spread to China before arriving on Japan's shores at the start of the 9th century. The central figure in the Esoteric Buddhist pantheon is Dainichi Nyorai, or Mahavairocana in Sanskrit. He is surrounded by a variety of Buddhas with different roles. A diverse range of ritual implements are used in Esoteric Buddhism, though these can broadly be divided into two groups. One group contains practical vessels used to make offerings or hold liquids, flowers, or incense. The other group contains pointed weapon-like objects. These are said to be modelled on real weapons from ancient India. They are used to symbolize the striking down of worldly desires and wickedness. These ritual implements are arranged in a set order on the altar, with the priest then standing before the altar to perform the ceremony.<br /><br />A kongoban is a footed tray that holds weapon-like implements like vajras and vajra bells. It is shaped like a four-petalled flower. One petal hardly protrudes at all and is portrayed using essentially flat lines. Usually, the tray is set on the altar with this flat section at the front, with a five-pronged bell and a five-pronged vajra club in the center surrounded by a pestle with one prong, a pestle with three prongs, and a pestle with five prongs, all arranged in a triangle.<br /><br />This kongoban was cast in bronze, with a lotus arabesque pattern engraved on the surface and the entire body covered with gilded bronze. It also has three legs fitted on the bottom. A slightly unusual carving method has been used for the lotus arabesque. Rather than engraving the shapes in lines, the producer has etched out the area around the patterns to produce a relief-like effect. Lotus arabesques carved in this fashion are characteristic of artworks from the 12th century. The technique lends the work a gentle, delicate air.</p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/A-10498/image/slideshow_s/A-10498_E0142680.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"914","description":"<p>　虚空蔵（こくうぞう）とは、虚空、つまり広大な空間のように、無限の徳や知恵をもっているという意味です。<br />　日本の仏教では、８世紀ころより虚空蔵菩薩を信仰するようになり、その後も広く支持されました。その最大の理由は、この菩薩を本尊とした、ある修行を行うことによって、無限の記憶力を増進させることができると考えられたからです。信仰の広がりを証明するかのように、日本には数多くの虚空蔵菩薩の彫像や画像が残されています。<br />　数ある虚空蔵菩薩の画像の中で、この図は最も古く、しかも最も完成度の高い作品として知られています。菩薩は岩の上に置かれた蓮華の花の上に坐っています。胸の前で上に向けた左手の手のひらの上には宝珠（ほうじゅ）を載せています。宝珠を持っていることによって、この像が虚空蔵菩薩であるとわかるのです。オーラのような丸い光が、体を包んでいます。<br />　よく目をこらしてみてください。衣服などにさまざまな文様が、ひじょうに細い金の線で描かれているのがわかるでしょうか。これは截金（きりかね）といって、金箔を細い線に切ったものを、文様の形に一本一本貼りこんだものです。ほのかに赤らむ白い肌、微妙に色調を変えていくグラデーションなど、ディテールへのこだわりに驚かされます。こうした緻密な表現は、日本の仏教絵画が最も成熟した12世紀の特色です。また、今は黒く変色していますが、銀色を多く使っており、静かな落ち着いた雰囲気を表現したかったのであろうと考えられています。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>This is a painting of Kokuzo Bosatsu, or Akasagarbha in Sanskrit. The Japanese word 'kokuzo' translates as 'vast space' and the name refers to the deity's boundless virtue and wisdom.<br /><br />The worship of Kokuzo Bosatsu began in Japan during the 8th century and it became widespread thereafter. This was mainly because practitioners believed they could gain infinite powers of memory by undergoing training with Kokuzo Bosatsu as the principal image. This trend is evidenced by the large number of extant Japanese statues and paintings depicting the deity.<br /><br />This work is known to be the oldest extant such painting and also the most accomplished. The bodhisattva sits on a lotus flower above a rock. His left arm is held up before the chest and he holds a sacred Buddhist gem known as a hoju in the palm of his left hand. This is how we know this is a depiction of Kokuzo Bosatsu. <br /><br />His body is surrounded by a round light that resembles an aura. A closer look reveals various patterns on the garments. These are drawn using extremely fine gold lines rendered using a technique called kirikane, whereby finely-cut pieces of gold leaf are pasted onto the surface to form a pattern. The level of detail is astounding, as further epitomized by the reddish-white skin and the subtle tonal gradations, for example. This meticulous expression is characteristic of paintings from the 12th century, when Japanese Buddhist painting reached its apex. The work also featured an abundance of silver. Though this has since blackened, it was probably used to create an atmosphere of peaceful serenity.</p>","id":"cobas-47491","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/A-10498","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/A-10498/image/slideshow_s/A-10498_E0142680.jpg"],"title":"虚空蔵菩薩像","titleEn":"The Bodhisattva Kokūzō","titleYomi":"こくうぞうぼさつぞう"},"id":"cobas-47491","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["絵画"]},"cobas-0-s":"47491","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/A-10498","cobas-2-s":"A-10498","cobas-3-s":"国宝","cobas-4-s":"絵画","cobas-5-s":"虚空蔵菩薩像","cobas-6-s":"こくうぞうぼさつぞう","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"絹本着色","cobas-13-s":"132.0x84.4","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　虚空蔵（こくうぞう）とは、虚空、つまり広大な空間のように、無限の徳や知恵をもっているという意味です。<br />　日本の仏教では、８世紀ころより虚空蔵菩薩を信仰するようになり、その後も広く支持されました。その最大の理由は、この菩薩を本尊とした、ある修行を行うことによって、無限の記憶力を増進させることができると考えられたからです。信仰の広がりを証明するかのように、日本には数多くの虚空蔵菩薩の彫像や画像が残されています。<br />　数ある虚空蔵菩薩の画像の中で、この図は最も古く、しかも最も完成度の高い作品として知られています。菩薩は岩の上に置かれた蓮華の花の上に坐っています。胸の前で上に向けた左手の手のひらの上には宝珠（ほうじゅ）を載せています。宝珠を持っていることによって、この像が虚空蔵菩薩であるとわかるのです。オーラのような丸い光が、体を包んでいます。<br />　よく目をこらしてみてください。衣服などにさまざまな文様が、ひじょうに細い金の線で描かれているのがわかるでしょうか。これは截金（きりかね）といって、金箔を細い線に切ったものを、文様の形に一本一本貼りこんだものです。ほのかに赤らむ白い肌、微妙に色調を変えていくグラデーションなど、ディテールへのこだわりに驚かされます。こうした緻密な表現は、日本の仏教絵画が最も成熟した12世紀の特色です。また、今は黒く変色していますが、銀色を多く使っており、静かな落ち着いた雰囲気を表現したかったのであろうと考えられています。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/A-10498/image/slideshow_s/A-10498_E0142680.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"18170","cobas-22-s":"47491","cobas-29-s":"絵画:日本:仏画","cobas-30-s":"National Treasure","cobas-31-s":"Painting","cobas-32-s":"The Bodhisattva Kokūzō","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Color on silk","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>This is a painting of Kokuzo Bosatsu, or Akasagarbha in Sanskrit. The Japanese word 'kokuzo' translates as 'vast space' and the name refers to the deity's boundless virtue and wisdom.<br /><br />The worship of Kokuzo Bosatsu began in Japan during the 8th century and it became widespread thereafter. This was mainly because practitioners believed they could gain infinite powers of memory by undergoing training with Kokuzo Bosatsu as the principal image. This trend is evidenced by the large number of extant Japanese statues and paintings depicting the deity.<br /><br />This work is known to be the oldest extant such painting and also the most accomplished. The bodhisattva sits on a lotus flower above a rock. His left arm is held up before the chest and he holds a sacred Buddhist gem known as a hoju in the palm of his left hand. This is how we know this is a depiction of Kokuzo Bosatsu. <br /><br />His body is surrounded by a round light that resembles an aura. A closer look reveals various patterns on the garments. These are drawn using extremely fine gold lines rendered using a technique called kirikane, whereby finely-cut pieces of gold leaf are pasted onto the surface to form a pattern. The level of detail is astounding, as further epitomized by the reddish-white skin and the subtle tonal gradations, for example. This meticulous expression is characteristic of paintings from the 12th century, when Japanese Buddhist painting reached its apex. The work also featured an abundance of silver. Though this has since blackened, it was probably used to create an atmosphere of peaceful serenity.</p>","cobas-46-s":"Paintings, sketches, and prints:Japan:Buddhist paintings"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2518/image/slideshow_s/B-2518_E0024175.jpg"],"contributor":["藤原忠通筆","By Fujiwara no Tadamichi (1097–1164)","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"188","description":"<p>摂政・関白を務め、書にも優れた藤原忠通の手紙です。後白河上皇の院司宛てと推測され、病の上皇を気遣い、病気平癒の祈祷には孔雀経の御修法（孔雀明王を本尊とする密教の祈祷法）がよいと勧めているようです。粘り強さをそなえた忠通の書のなかでは穏やかな書きぶりです。<br />ルビ：せっしょう、かんぱく、ごしらかわ、いんし、くじゃくきょう、みすほう<br /></p>","id":"cobas-57557","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2518","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2518/image/slideshow_s/B-2518_E0024175.jpg"],"title":"書状","titleEn":"Letter","titleYomi":"しょじょう"},"id":"cobas-57557","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"57557","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2518","cobas-2-s":"B-2518","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"書状","cobas-6-s":"しょじょう","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"藤原忠通筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"紙本墨書","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>摂政・関白を務め、書にも優れた藤原忠通の手紙です。後白河上皇の院司宛てと推測され、病の上皇を気遣い、病気平癒の祈祷には孔雀経の御修法（孔雀明王を本尊とする密教の祈祷法）がよいと勧めているようです。粘り強さをそなえた忠通の書のなかでは穏やかな書きぶりです。<br />ルビ：せっしょう、かんぱく、ごしらかわ、いんし、くじゃくきょう、みすほう<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2518/image/slideshow_s/B-2518_E0024175.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"33279","cobas-22-s":"57557","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Letter","cobas-34-s":"By Fujiwara no Tadamichi (1097–1164)","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on paper","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-1037/image/slideshow_s/B-1037_C0072643.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"188","description":"<p>　弘仁10年（819）12月、最澄（さいちょう）が南都の僧綱（そうごう）からの反論に答えて、天台法華宗（てんだいほっけしゅう）の正系を明らかにするために撰述した、仏法の相承を示す系譜です。翌年２月に『顕戒論（けんかいろん）』とともに嵯峨上皇に上進されました。本巻は、その平安時代末期に書写された古写本の１つとして重要です。(2005/02/08_h031) <br /></p>","descriptionEn":"<p>The monk Saichō (767-822) introduced the Tiantai school of Buddhism into Japan. In this document, he defended the school's legitimacy.<br /></p>","id":"cobas-56591","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-1037","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-1037/image/slideshow_s/B-1037_C0072643.jpg"],"title":"内証仏法相承血脈譜","titleEn":"Lineages of the Transmission of the Buddha’s Dharma","titleYomi":"ないしょうぶっぽうそうじょうけちみゃくふ"},"id":"cobas-56591","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"56591","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-1037","cobas-2-s":"B-1037","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"内証仏法相承血脈譜","cobas-6-s":"ないしょうぶっぽうそうじょうけちみゃくふ","cobas-7-s":"1巻","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"紙本墨書","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　弘仁10年（819）12月、最澄（さいちょう）が南都の僧綱（そうごう）からの反論に答えて、天台法華宗（てんだいほっけしゅう）の正系を明らかにするために撰述した、仏法の相承を示す系譜です。翌年２月に『顕戒論（けんかいろん）』とともに嵯峨上皇に上進されました。本巻は、その平安時代末期に書写された古写本の１つとして重要です。(2005/02/08_h031) <br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-1037/image/slideshow_s/B-1037_C0072643.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"29710","cobas-22-s":"56591","cobas-29-s":"書跡:分類:典籍:仏典","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Lineages of the Transmission of the Buddha’s Dharma","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on paper","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>The monk Saichō (767-822) introduced the Tiantai school of Buddhism into Japan. In this document, he defended the school's legitimacy.<br /></p>","cobas-46-s":"Calligraphy:Category:Books:Buddhist texts"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19934/image/slideshow_s/E-19934_E0145811.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>　現在のガラス製の鏡が、日本で広く使われるようになったのは、19世紀後半以降のことです。それ以前の鏡はもっぱら銅製で、銅を熱して溶かし型に流し込む鋳造の技法で作り、片面を磨いて像が映るように仕上げ、背面にはさまざまな文様を表現しました。日本における銅鏡の歴史は、紀元前２世紀ころに中国からもたらされたことに始まります。８世紀ころには、中国・唐の銅鏡が数多く到来し、それを模した鏡も、国内で製造されました。10世紀から12世紀のあいだに、鏡の形や文様はしだいに変化していき、日本固有の形式や表現をもった銅鏡が成立することとなります。<br />　この作品は、輪郭に８つの尖りをもった銅製の鏡です。鏡の背面には、紐を通すための穴をあけた鈕（ちゅう）すなわち、つまみを中央に配置し、これをはさんで２羽の鳳凰（ほうおう）と花唐草（はなからくさ）の文様を表しています。こうした八稜鏡は、7世紀後半の中国・唐に登場したものです。もともとは２羽の鳳凰と２組の植物を、対照的に配置していました。それを模した銅鏡が日本でも製造されるうちに、鳥は鳳凰というより鴛鴦（おしどり）に近い姿となり、植物は背景を埋め尽くすように広がっていきました。この作品は、日本における八稜鏡の、一つの終着点を示しているともいえるでしょう。文様がくっきりと立体的にあらわされており、鋳造技術の高さをうかがうことができます。<br /></p><br /><p>八稜鏡は７世紀後半に中国・唐で出現し、平安時代にも盛【さか】んに作られました。日本では中央の鈕【ちゅう】の左右に鳳凰【ほうおう】などの鳥、上下に花を配した文様【もんよう】が好まれ、鳥は鳳凰から鴛鴦【おしどり】のような形へと変化し、花は空間を埋めるようになっていきました。本品は平安時代後期の典型的な作例です。<br /></p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Glass mirrors only took off in Japan from the late 19th century onwards. Before then, mirrors were made exclusively of bronze. The bronze was heated into liquid form and poured into a mold, with one side then burnished until capable of reflection and the other side decorated with various motifs. Bronze mirrors were first brought to Japan from China around the 2nd century BC. Many mirrors from Tang-dynasty China then arrived on Japan's shores in the 8th century, with copies of these subsequently produced within Japan itself. From the 10th to the 12th century, mirror shapes and designs gradually changed. This led to the emergence of bronze mirrors with uniquely Japanese forms and motifs.<br /><br />The back of this bronze mirror features a floral arabesque pattern and a pair of phoenixes around the central nub where a cord was threaded. This type of eight-lobed mirror first emerged during the late 7th century in Tang dynasty China. They originally featured a contrasting design of two phoenixes and two flowering plants. When Japanese copies were made, the phoenixes came to resemble mandarin ducks, while the flowers spread to cover the entire backdrop. This mirror represents one of the finest examples of a Japanese eight-lobed mirror. A high level of craftsmanship is on display in the bold three-dimensionality of the design.</p><br /><p>This type of eight-sided bronze mirror first appeared in the latter half of the 7th century in China. In Japan, numerous mirrors of this type were created from the 9th to the 12th century. Initially, a design featuring auspicious birds and flowers positioned in this manner was preferred in Japan.<br /></p>","id":"cobas-74486","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-19934","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・11～12世紀","Heian period, 11th–12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19934/image/slideshow_s/E-19934_E0145811.jpg"],"title":"瑞花双鳳八稜鏡","titleEn":"Octofoil Mirror with Auspicious Flowers and Paired Phoenixes","titleYomi":"ずいかそうほうはちりょうきょう"},"id":"cobas-74486","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["金工"]},"cobas-0-s":"74486","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-19934","cobas-2-s":"E-19934","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"金工","cobas-5-s":"瑞花双鳳八稜鏡","cobas-6-s":"ずいかそうほうはちりょうきょう","cobas-7-s":"1面","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・11～12世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅製　鋳造","cobas-13-s":"径14.9　縁厚1.1　鈕高0.7","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　現在のガラス製の鏡が、日本で広く使われるようになったのは、19世紀後半以降のことです。それ以前の鏡はもっぱら銅製で、銅を熱して溶かし型に流し込む鋳造の技法で作り、片面を磨いて像が映るように仕上げ、背面にはさまざまな文様を表現しました。日本における銅鏡の歴史は、紀元前２世紀ころに中国からもたらされたことに始まります。８世紀ころには、中国・唐の銅鏡が数多く到来し、それを模した鏡も、国内で製造されました。10世紀から12世紀のあいだに、鏡の形や文様はしだいに変化していき、日本固有の形式や表現をもった銅鏡が成立することとなります。<br />　この作品は、輪郭に８つの尖りをもった銅製の鏡です。鏡の背面には、紐を通すための穴をあけた鈕（ちゅう）すなわち、つまみを中央に配置し、これをはさんで２羽の鳳凰（ほうおう）と花唐草（はなからくさ）の文様を表しています。こうした八稜鏡は、7世紀後半の中国・唐に登場したものです。もともとは２羽の鳳凰と２組の植物を、対照的に配置していました。それを模した銅鏡が日本でも製造されるうちに、鳥は鳳凰というより鴛鴦（おしどり）に近い姿となり、植物は背景を埋め尽くすように広がっていきました。この作品は、日本における八稜鏡の、一つの終着点を示しているともいえるでしょう。文様がくっきりと立体的にあらわされており、鋳造技術の高さをうかがうことができます。<br /></p><br /><p>八稜鏡は７世紀後半に中国・唐で出現し、平安時代にも盛【さか】んに作られました。日本では中央の鈕【ちゅう】の左右に鳳凰【ほうおう】などの鳥、上下に花を配した文様【もんよう】が好まれ、鳥は鳳凰から鴛鴦【おしどり】のような形へと変化し、花は空間を埋めるようになっていきました。本品は平安時代後期の典型的な作例です。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-19934/image/slideshow_s/E-19934_E0145811.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"52374","cobas-22-s":"74486","cobas-29-s":"工芸:鏡","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Metalwork","cobas-32-s":"Octofoil Mirror with Auspicious Flowers and Paired Phoenixes","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 11th–12th century","cobas-38-s":"Cast bronze","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Glass mirrors only took off in Japan from the late 19th century onwards. Before then, mirrors were made exclusively of bronze. The bronze was heated into liquid form and poured into a mold, with one side then burnished until capable of reflection and the other side decorated with various motifs. Bronze mirrors were first brought to Japan from China around the 2nd century BC. Many mirrors from Tang-dynasty China then arrived on Japan's shores in the 8th century, with copies of these subsequently produced within Japan itself. From the 10th to the 12th century, mirror shapes and designs gradually changed. This led to the emergence of bronze mirrors with uniquely Japanese forms and motifs.<br /><br />The back of this bronze mirror features a floral arabesque pattern and a pair of phoenixes around the central nub where a cord was threaded. This type of eight-lobed mirror first emerged during the late 7th century in Tang dynasty China. They originally featured a contrasting design of two phoenixes and two flowering plants. When Japanese copies were made, the phoenixes came to resemble mandarin ducks, while the flowers spread to cover the entire backdrop. This mirror represents one of the finest examples of a Japanese eight-lobed mirror. A high level of craftsmanship is on display in the bold three-dimensionality of the design.</p><br /><p>This type of eight-sided bronze mirror first appeared in the latter half of the 7th century in China. In Japan, numerous mirrors of this type were created from the 9th to the 12th century. Initially, a design featuring auspicious birds and flowers positioned in this manner was preferred in Japan.<br /></p>","cobas-46-s":"Applied arts:Mirrors"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/N-81/image/slideshow_s/N-81_C0056066a.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"coordinates":{"lat":38.89458084106445,"lon":141.65843200683594},"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>　水滴と匙、墨をのせる台からなる日本最古の文房具。匙で水をすくう水入れを水盂という。水滴は銅板を袋状に打出して作り、３方に楕円形の区画を設け、鳳凰と唐花文を線彫で表わす。聖徳太子が法華義疏を撰したときに使用したとの伝承がある。<br /></p><br /><p>聖徳太子の文房具として伝えられた作品です。これらの品は、太子がわが国ではじめて法華経など仏教の経典の解説書を書いた時に使われたとされています。<br />墨台（ぼくだい）は墨を置く台。中央に大きな六弁の花を、いまは一つ欠けていますが、周囲に６個の花が表わされています。また軸の部分や台座にも草花が刻まれており、さらにその輪郭や葉脈がごく細い鏨（たがね）の線で刻まれています。<br />墨をするための水を入れる水滴（すいてき）は柿の実のような形をしており、三方を楕円形に区切って、翼を広げた鳳凰（ほうおう）と草花が彫り表わされています。底には３つの脚が付き、小さいながらもどっしりとした造形です。蓋は周囲が反りあがった形で、宝珠（ほうじゅ）という玉の形をしたつまみを中心に、四方には花が刻まれています。<br />３本の匙（さじ）はそれぞれ、蓮の花びら、ひょうたん、柳の葉の形で、丸く作った柄は微妙な曲線を描いています。<br />もともとこのようなセットであった確証はなく、実は、ほんとうに墨台や水滴などの文房具として制作されたかも明らかではありませんが、奈良時代の見事な金工技術が発揮された名品です。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Prince Shōtoku purportedly owned these writing implements and used them when he wrote the first explanations in Japan of the Lotus Sutra and other Buddhist texts.<br />The flower-shaped stand was used to hold ink cakes. It originally had six petals, although one is now missing. The outlines and veins of the leaves that form the floral patterns on the stem and base were engraved in fine lines using a chisel.<br />The pot on display, which held water that was used to make the ink, is in the shape of a persimmon engraved with floral patterns and phoenixes with wings spread. It has three legs, and while small, its shape makes it feel more substantial. The edge of the lid curves upwards into four petals with a knob in the form of a jewel.<br />There are also three spoons on display, shaped like a lotus petal, gourd, and willow leaf, respectively, with the handles curving gently.<br />There is no proof that these items were made as a set, or that they were meant for the purposes described above, but they do demonstrate the brilliant metalworking techniques of the Nara period.</p>","id":"cobas-117729","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/N-81","location":["中国または日本","China or Japan"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["唐時代または奈良時代・8世紀","Tang dynasty, China, or Nara period, 8th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/N-81/image/slideshow_s/N-81_C0056066a.jpg"],"title":"水滴","titleEn":"Water Dropper","titleYomi":"すいてき"},"id":"cobas-117729","rdfindex":{"temporal":["中国・唐時代"],"type":["芸術・美術"]},"cobas-0-s":"117729","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/N-81","cobas-2-s":"N-81","cobas-3-s":"国宝","cobas-4-s":"法隆寺宝物","cobas-5-s":"水滴","cobas-6-s":"すいてき","cobas-7-s":"1口","cobas-9-s":"中国または日本","cobas-11-s":"唐時代または奈良時代・8世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅製鍛造鍍金","cobas-13-s":"全高7.2　胴径8.4","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　水滴と匙、墨をのせる台からなる日本最古の文房具。匙で水をすくう水入れを水盂という。水滴は銅板を袋状に打出して作り、３方に楕円形の区画を設け、鳳凰と唐花文を線彫で表わす。聖徳太子が法華義疏を撰したときに使用したとの伝承がある。<br /></p><br /><p>聖徳太子の文房具として伝えられた作品です。これらの品は、太子がわが国ではじめて法華経など仏教の経典の解説書を書いた時に使われたとされています。<br />墨台（ぼくだい）は墨を置く台。中央に大きな六弁の花を、いまは一つ欠けていますが、周囲に６個の花が表わされています。また軸の部分や台座にも草花が刻まれており、さらにその輪郭や葉脈がごく細い鏨（たがね）の線で刻まれています。<br />墨をするための水を入れる水滴（すいてき）は柿の実のような形をしており、三方を楕円形に区切って、翼を広げた鳳凰（ほうおう）と草花が彫り表わされています。底には３つの脚が付き、小さいながらもどっしりとした造形です。蓋は周囲が反りあがった形で、宝珠（ほうじゅ）という玉の形をしたつまみを中心に、四方には花が刻まれています。<br />３本の匙（さじ）はそれぞれ、蓮の花びら、ひょうたん、柳の葉の形で、丸く作った柄は微妙な曲線を描いています。<br />もともとこのようなセットであった確証はなく、実は、ほんとうに墨台や水滴などの文房具として制作されたかも明らかではありませんが、奈良時代の見事な金工技術が発揮された名品です。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/N-81/image/slideshow_s/N-81_C0056066a.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"103075","cobas-22-s":"117729","cobas-30-s":"National Treasure","cobas-31-s":"Collection of Hōryūji Treasures","cobas-32-s":"Water Dropper","cobas-35-s":"China or Japan","cobas-37-s":"Tang dynasty, China, or Nara period, 8th century","cobas-38-s":"Gilt bronze","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Prince Shōtoku purportedly owned these writing implements and used them when he wrote the first explanations in Japan of the Lotus Sutra and other Buddhist texts.<br />The flower-shaped stand was used to hold ink cakes. It originally had six petals, although one is now missing. The outlines and veins of the leaves that form the floral patterns on the stem and base were engraved in fine lines using a chisel.<br />The pot on display, which held water that was used to make the ink, is in the shape of a persimmon engraved with floral patterns and phoenixes with wings spread. It has three legs, and while small, its shape makes it feel more substantial. The edge of the lid curves upwards into four petals with a knob in the form of a jewel.<br />There are also three spoons on display, shaped like a lotus petal, gourd, and willow leaf, respectively, with the handles curving gently.<br />There is no proof that these items were made as a set, or that they were meant for the purposes described above, but they do demonstrate the brilliant metalworking techniques of the Nara period.</p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2750/image/slideshow_s/B-2750_E0106357.jpg"],"contributor":["伝紀貫之筆","Attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki","浅野長武氏寄贈","Gift of Mr. Asano Nagatake","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"728","description":"<p>江戸時代初期の武将で茶人の佐久間将監実勝+さくましょうげんさねかつ+が、大徳寺龍光院の中に建立した寸松庵に伝来したことから、「寸松庵色紙」と呼ばれる。本作は他所に伝来したものだが、同じ名で呼ばれている。もとは粘葉装+でっちょうそう+の冊子本で、舶載+はくさい+（中国製）の唐紙+からかみ+に『古今和歌集』を散らし書きしている。<br /></p><br /><p>　もとは『古今和歌集』の冊子本だったのを切り離して掛け軸にしたものです。江戸時代の茶人佐久間将監実勝（1570～1642）が京都・大徳寺の塔頭（たっちゅう）の茶室、寸松庵（すんしょうあん）に所蔵していたことから「寸松庵色紙」の名がつけられました。「継色紙」（つぎしきし）、「升色紙」（ますしきし）とともに「三色紙」と呼ばれて、茶の湯の席の掛物として尊重されてきました。<br />　中国製の唐紙（からかみ）を使っており、白地になにかの文様が刷られていたと思われますが、現在はほとんど見えません。<br />　書かれているのは、古今和歌集の秋の歌です。<br /><br />秋の月　山辺さやかに照らせるは<br />落つる紅葉の数を見よとか<br />(『古今集』巻第五　秋歌下)<br /><br />　美しい紅葉が一面に散っている秋の山を、月の光が照らしている様を詠んだ歌です。<br />　見どころは、瀟洒で美しい仮名でしょう。複数の文字をつなげて書く連綿（れんめん）、一部蛇行しながらも全体としてバランスのとれた文字の散らし方、そして余白の美を味わってください。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>This page was taken from the Kokin waka shu, an ancient Japanese poetry anthology, and mounted on a hanging scroll. It was kept in a sub-temple of Kyoto's Daitokuji temple by the Edo-period tea master Sakuma Shogen Sanekatsu, who lived from 1570 to 1642. It was housed in the sub-temple's tearoom, known as Sunshoan, which is why the poem is known as  'Sunshoan shikishi'’ or the  'Sunshoan poem-card.' It was treasured as a decoration to be hung up and enjoyed in the tea room.<br /><br />The poem is written on paper imported from China. A pattern was once imprinted on the white ground, though it has more-or-less faded from view.<br /><br />The poem is taken from the autumn section of the fifth volume of the Kokin waka shu. It describes the light of the moon reflecting on a mountain side covered with pretty autumn leaves.<br /><br />Of particular note is the elegant gorgeousness of the Japanese kana characters. Viewers can enjoy the cursive sections and the beauty of the blank spaces. A further highlight is the way the layout of the characters creates an overall sense of balance, despite the waywardness of certain sections.</p>","id":"cobas-57598","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2750","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・11世紀","Heian period, 11th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2750/image/slideshow_s/B-2750_E0106357.jpg"],"title":"寸松庵色紙「秋のつき」","titleEn":"The Autumn Moon (One of the Sunshōan Poem Papers)","titleYomi":"すんしょうあんしきし"},"id":"cobas-57598","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"57598","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2750","cobas-2-s":"B-2750","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"寸松庵色紙「秋のつき」","cobas-6-s":"すんしょうあんしきし","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"伝紀貫之筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・11世紀","cobas-12-s":"彩箋墨書","cobas-15-s":"浅野長武氏寄贈","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>江戸時代初期の武将で茶人の佐久間将監実勝+さくましょうげんさねかつ+が、大徳寺龍光院の中に建立した寸松庵に伝来したことから、「寸松庵色紙」と呼ばれる。本作は他所に伝来したものだが、同じ名で呼ばれている。もとは粘葉装+でっちょうそう+の冊子本で、舶載+はくさい+（中国製）の唐紙+からかみ+に『古今和歌集』を散らし書きしている。<br /></p><br /><p>　もとは『古今和歌集』の冊子本だったのを切り離して掛け軸にしたものです。江戸時代の茶人佐久間将監実勝（1570～1642）が京都・大徳寺の塔頭（たっちゅう）の茶室、寸松庵（すんしょうあん）に所蔵していたことから「寸松庵色紙」の名がつけられました。「継色紙」（つぎしきし）、「升色紙」（ますしきし）とともに「三色紙」と呼ばれて、茶の湯の席の掛物として尊重されてきました。<br />　中国製の唐紙（からかみ）を使っており、白地になにかの文様が刷られていたと思われますが、現在はほとんど見えません。<br />　書かれているのは、古今和歌集の秋の歌です。<br /><br />秋の月　山辺さやかに照らせるは<br />落つる紅葉の数を見よとか<br />(『古今集』巻第五　秋歌下)<br /><br />　美しい紅葉が一面に散っている秋の山を、月の光が照らしている様を詠んだ歌です。<br />　見どころは、瀟洒で美しい仮名でしょう。複数の文字をつなげて書く連綿（れんめん）、一部蛇行しながらも全体としてバランスのとれた文字の散らし方、そして余白の美を味わってください。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2750/image/slideshow_s/B-2750_E0106357.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"33413","cobas-22-s":"57598","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"The Autumn Moon (One of the Sunshōan Poem Papers)","cobas-34-s":"Attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 11th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on decorated paper","cobas-41-s":"Gift of Mr. Asano Nagatake","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>This page was taken from the Kokin waka shu, an ancient Japanese poetry anthology, and mounted on a hanging scroll. It was kept in a sub-temple of Kyoto's Daitokuji temple by the Edo-period tea master Sakuma Shogen Sanekatsu, who lived from 1570 to 1642. It was housed in the sub-temple's tearoom, known as Sunshoan, which is why the poem is known as  'Sunshoan shikishi'’ or the  'Sunshoan poem-card.' It was treasured as a decoration to be hung up and enjoyed in the tea room.<br /><br />The poem is written on paper imported from China. A pattern was once imprinted on the white ground, though it has more-or-less faded from view.<br /><br />The poem is taken from the autumn section of the fifth volume of the Kokin waka shu. It describes the light of the moon reflecting on a mountain side covered with pretty autumn leaves.<br /><br />Of particular note is the elegant gorgeousness of the Japanese kana characters. Viewers can enjoy the cursive sections and the beauty of the blank spaces. A further highlight is the way the layout of the characters creates an overall sense of balance, despite the waywardness of certain sections.</p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/B53/image/slideshow_s/70274.LL.jpg"],"contributor":["伝紀貫之筆","Attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki","九州国立博物館","Kyushu National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"728","description":"<p>平安時代中期の書写になる「継色紙」は、当初は粘葉装の枡形の冊子本であったが、後世その優美な筆跡が愛好され、分割されて古筆切となった。当初の冊子の3頁分を貼り継いで掛幅装とした本作品は、『古今和歌集』巻第17に所収される読み人知らずの1首「我みても久しくなりぬ住江の　岸の姫松いく夜経ぬらん」を、濃い藍と薄い縹の料紙2頁に、連綿を積極的に用いて揮毫する。その書きぶりである「散らし書き」は、行頭を揃えない各行が紙上に揺らいで余白を意味あるものに変え、高い芸術性が見て取れる。また、本作品は、江戸時代前期、後水尾院の上覧に供されて紀貫之筆とのお墨付きを得、京都大工頭・中井家に伝来したことが付属資料から判明する。近世における作品の伝来の姿と古筆尊重の気風が如実に確認でき、歴史的価値も高い。国立博物館として収蔵するに相応しい平安古筆の逸品である。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>Compiled in the middle of the Heian period (about 794–1185), the &lt;i&gt;Tsugishikishi&lt;/i&gt; anthology originally existed as a square-shaped book of colored papers bound in a style called &lt;i&gt;decchō&lt;/i&gt;. The beautiful calligraphy contained within inspired admirers to later divide it up to add parts to their own collections.<br /><br />This work is composed of three pages that were collated and mounted onto a hanging scroll. It features an anonymous poem from volume 17 of the &lt;i&gt;Kokin Wakashū&lt;/i&gt; anthology: “Ware mite mo / hisashiku narinu / Suminoe no / kishi no himematsu / ikuyo e nuran”.  It roughly translates as, “This beautiful pine on the shore of Suminoe, ancient even to me—how many ages must it have experienced?”. The poem is rendered in many long, unbroken strokes on one sheet each of dark and light indigo paper. Another feature of this calligraphy is the way the lines do not start at the same vertical position on the paper, a style known as &lt;i&gt;chirashi-gaki&lt;/i&gt;, or scattered writing. By varying the starting points of each line, meaning is given to the negative space left above the words, thereby expressing a sense of artistry. <br /><br />When presented to Emperor Gomizuno’o in the early Edo period (1603–1868), it was declared the work of Ki no Tsurayuki (d. 945). Accompanying documents indicate that it had been passed down through the Nakai family, who served as the Edo shogunate’s Kyoto-based &lt;i&gt;daikugashira&lt;/i&gt;, or officials in charge of the carpentry bureau. Both its confirmed provenance from Japan’s early modern period (1600–1800) and the way it clearly illustrates the respect given to ancient calligraphy during the same era makes this work a valuable historical source worthy of being included in a national museum’s collection.</p>","id":"cobas-162522","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/kyuhaku/B53","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"kyuhaku","temporal":["平安時代 10～11世紀","Heian period 10th–11th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/B53/image/slideshow_s/70274.LL.jpg"],"title":"継色紙「われみても」","titleEn":"“Ware mite mo” from the Tsugishikishi poetry anthology","titleYomi":"つぎしきし　われみても"},"id":"cobas-162522","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"162522","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/kyuhaku/B53","cobas-2-s":"B53","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"継色紙「われみても」","cobas-6-s":"つぎしきし　われみても","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"伝紀貫之筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代 10～11世紀","cobas-12-s":"彩箋墨書","cobas-13-s":"縦13.5　横37.7","cobas-16-s":"九州国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>平安時代中期の書写になる「継色紙」は、当初は粘葉装の枡形の冊子本であったが、後世その優美な筆跡が愛好され、分割されて古筆切となった。当初の冊子の3頁分を貼り継いで掛幅装とした本作品は、『古今和歌集』巻第17に所収される読み人知らずの1首「我みても久しくなりぬ住江の　岸の姫松いく夜経ぬらん」を、濃い藍と薄い縹の料紙2頁に、連綿を積極的に用いて揮毫する。その書きぶりである「散らし書き」は、行頭を揃えない各行が紙上に揺らいで余白を意味あるものに変え、高い芸術性が見て取れる。また、本作品は、江戸時代前期、後水尾院の上覧に供されて紀貫之筆とのお墨付きを得、京都大工頭・中井家に伝来したことが付属資料から判明する。近世における作品の伝来の姿と古筆尊重の気風が如実に確認でき、歴史的価値も高い。国立博物館として収蔵するに相応しい平安古筆の逸品である。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/kyuhaku/B53/image/slideshow_s/70274.LL.jpg","cobas-19-s":"kyuhaku","cobas-20-s":"eeb7969e20cdb6b82847248e1008d32c","cobas-21-s":"17125","cobas-22-s":"162522","cobas-29-s":"書跡:分類:古筆|書跡:地域:日本|書跡:時代:日本:平安|書跡:装丁・形態:掛軸|書跡:筆者:公家|書跡:書風:和様","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"“Ware mite mo” from the Tsugishikishi poetry anthology","cobas-33-s":"Hanging scroll","cobas-34-s":"Attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki","cobas-37-s":"Heian period 10th–11th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on decorated paper","cobas-39-s":"13.5×37.7 cm","cobas-42-s":"Kyushu National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>Compiled in the middle of the Heian period (about 794–1185), the <i>Tsugishikishi</i> anthology originally existed as a square-shaped book of colored papers bound in a style called <i>decchō</i>. The beautiful calligraphy contained within inspired admirers to later divide it up to add parts to their own collections.<br /><br />This work is composed of three pages that were collated and mounted onto a hanging scroll. It features an anonymous poem from volume 17 of the <i>Kokin Wakashū</i> anthology: “Ware mite mo / hisashiku narinu / Suminoe no / kishi no himematsu / ikuyo e nuran”.  It roughly translates as, “This beautiful pine on the shore of Suminoe, ancient even to me—how many ages must it have experienced?”. The poem is rendered in many long, unbroken strokes on one sheet each of dark and light indigo paper. Another feature of this calligraphy is the way the lines do not start at the same vertical position on the paper, a style known as <i>chirashi-gaki</i>, or scattered writing. By varying the starting points of each line, meaning is given to the negative space left above the words, thereby expressing a sense of artistry. <br /><br />When presented to Emperor Gomizuno’o in the early Edo period (1603–1868), it was declared the work of Ki no Tsurayuki (d. 945). Accompanying documents indicate that it had been passed down through the Nakai family, who served as the Edo shogunate’s Kyoto-based <i>daikugashira</i>, or officials in charge of the carpentry bureau. Both its confirmed provenance from Japan’s early modern period (1600–1800) and the way it clearly illustrates the respect given to ancient calligraphy during the same era makes this work a valuable historical source worthy of being included in a national museum’s collection.</p>","cobas-46-s":"Calligraphy:Category:Calligraphy (kohitsu)|Calligraphy:Region:Japan|Calligraphy:Period:Japan:Heian period|Calligraphy:Formats and mountings:Hanging scrolls|Calligraphy:Author:Nobles|Calligraphy:Styles:Japanese-style calligraphy"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/nabunken/6AACVS15000430/image/slideshow_s/90%E3%80%80%E5%B9%B3%E5%9F%8E%E5%AE%AE2-2319%E3%80%80%E8%A1%A8%E8%A3%8F%E3%80%80%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%80%806AACVS15000430-C1.jpg"],"coordinates":{"lat":36.459651947021484,"lon":138.01820373535156},"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>清酒の付札。｢清酒」は「濁酒」に対する言葉で、澄んだ酒の意。「中」は酒の等級を示すか。木目の細かな幅広の柾目材を用い、ゆったりとゆとりをもって文字を記しており、立派な風格を感じさせる木簡。</p>","id":"cobas-166076","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/nabunken/6AACVS15000430","location":["日本","特別史跡平城宮跡(平城宮造酒司地区)"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"nich","temporal":["奈良時代","750","770"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/nabunken/6AACVS15000430/image/slideshow_s/90%E3%80%80%E5%B9%B3%E5%9F%8E%E5%AE%AE2-2319%E3%80%80%E8%A1%A8%E8%A3%8F%E3%80%80%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%80%806AACVS15000430-C1.jpg"],"title":"平城宮2319号木簡"},"id":"cobas-166076","rdfindex":{"spatial":["日本"],"temporal":["奈良時代"],"type":[]},"cobas-0-s":"166076","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/nabunken/6AACVS15000430","cobas-2-s":"6AACVS15000430","cobas-3-s":"国宝","cobas-4-s":"付札","cobas-5-s":"平城宮2319号木簡","cobas-7-s":"1","cobas-9-s":"日本","cobas-10-s":"特別史跡平城宮跡(平城宮造酒司地区)","cobas-11-s":"奈良時代","cobas-12-s":"木製 /","cobas-13-s":"縦154×横(22)×厚さ4 /","cobas-14-s":"清酒中","cobas-17-h":"<p>清酒の付札。｢清酒」は「濁酒」に対する言葉で、澄んだ酒の意。「中」は酒の等級を示すか。木目の細かな幅広の柾目材を用い、ゆったりとゆとりをもって文字を記しており、立派な風格を感じさせる木簡。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/nabunken/6AACVS15000430/image/slideshow_s/90%E3%80%80%E5%B9%B3%E5%9F%8E%E5%AE%AE2-2319%E3%80%80%E8%A1%A8%E8%A3%8F%E3%80%80%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%80%806AACVS15000430-C1.jpg","cobas-19-s":"nabunken","cobas-20-s":"0ad3057d7c6d90eb6a4edc39e87f084e","cobas-21-s":"90","cobas-22-s":"166076","cobas-25-s":"750","cobas-26-s":"770"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-15073/image/slideshow_s/E-15073_E0081038.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"coordinates":{"lat":34.81302261352539,"lon":134.20657348632812},"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>鈕+ちゅう+をはさんで２羽の鳥を配し、その間にびっしりと撫子の花を表しています。撫子は日本の秋草のひとつとして、文様によく用いられてきました。文様が比較的鮮明で、しかも密になり、縁もやや厚くなるなど、鎌倉時代の造形の特色がわずかに窺えます。<br /></p>","id":"cobas-72185","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-15073","location":["岡山県備前市吉永町吉永中 小山経塚出土","Found at the Oyama Sutra Mound, Okayama"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-15073/image/slideshow_s/E-15073_E0081038.jpg"],"title":"撫子散双鳥鏡","titleEn":"Mirror with Scattered Fringed Pinks and Paired Birds","titleYomi":"なでしこちらしそうちょうきょう"},"id":"cobas-72185","rdfindex":{"spatial":["日本 > 岡山県"],"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["金工"]},"cobas-0-s":"72185","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-15073","cobas-2-s":"E-15073","cobas-4-s":"金工","cobas-5-s":"撫子散双鳥鏡","cobas-6-s":"なでしこちらしそうちょうきょう","cobas-7-s":"1面","cobas-10-s":"岡山県備前市吉永町吉永中 小山経塚出土","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅鋳製","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>鈕+ちゅう+をはさんで２羽の鳥を配し、その間にびっしりと撫子の花を表しています。撫子は日本の秋草のひとつとして、文様によく用いられてきました。文様が比較的鮮明で、しかも密になり、縁もやや厚くなるなど、鎌倉時代の造形の特色がわずかに窺えます。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-15073/image/slideshow_s/E-15073_E0081038.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"49982","cobas-22-s":"72185","cobas-29-s":"工芸:鏡","cobas-31-s":"Metalwork","cobas-32-s":"Mirror with Scattered Fringed Pinks and Paired Birds","cobas-36-s":"Found at the Oyama Sutra Mound, Okayama","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Cast bronze","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-46-s":"Applied arts:Mirrors"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2987/image/slideshow_s/B-2987_E0030018.jpg"],"contributor":["伝小野道風筆","Attributed to Ono no Tōfū (894–966)","森田竹華氏寄贈","Gift of Mrs. Morita Chikka","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"728","description":"<p>舶載（中国製）の唐紙に、『古今和歌集』を書写しています。本幅は、巻20と巻11の断簡を継いで色変わりを演出していて、特徴的な小ぶりの仮名が映えています。もとは巻子本で、本阿弥光悦が愛蔵したことから、「本阿弥切」と呼ばれます。ルビ：はくさい、からかみ、いろが（わり）、かんすぼん、ほんあみこうえつ<br /></p>","descriptionEn":"<p>This work comprises two separate calligraphic fragments. The small handwriting stands out vividly against the imported Chinese paper dyed in contrasting colors. The “Hon'ami Fragments” were named after the calligrapher and multitalented artist Hon'ami Kōetsu (1558–1637), who owned and admired them.<br /></p>","id":"cobas-57772","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2987","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・11～12世紀","Heian period, 11th–12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2987/image/slideshow_s/B-2987_E0030018.jpg"],"title":"古今和歌集断簡（本阿弥切）","titleEn":"Part of Collection of Japanese Poems Ancient and Modern (One of the “Hon'ami Fragments”)","titleYomi":"こきんわかしゅうだんかん　ほんあみぎれ"},"id":"cobas-57772","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["書跡"]},"cobas-0-s":"57772","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/B-2987","cobas-2-s":"B-2987","cobas-4-s":"書跡","cobas-5-s":"古今和歌集断簡（本阿弥切）","cobas-6-s":"こきんわかしゅうだんかん　ほんあみぎれ","cobas-7-s":"1幅","cobas-8-s":"伝小野道風筆","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・11～12世紀","cobas-12-s":"彩箋墨書","cobas-15-s":"森田竹華氏寄贈","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>舶載（中国製）の唐紙に、『古今和歌集』を書写しています。本幅は、巻20と巻11の断簡を継いで色変わりを演出していて、特徴的な小ぶりの仮名が映えています。もとは巻子本で、本阿弥光悦が愛蔵したことから、「本阿弥切」と呼ばれます。ルビ：はくさい、からかみ、いろが（わり）、かんすぼん、ほんあみこうえつ<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/B-2987/image/slideshow_s/B-2987_E0030018.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"33660","cobas-22-s":"57772","cobas-31-s":"Calligraphy","cobas-32-s":"Part of Collection of Japanese Poems Ancient and Modern (One of the “Hon'ami Fragments”)","cobas-34-s":"Attributed to Ono no Tōfū (894–966)","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 11th–12th century","cobas-38-s":"Ink on decorated paper","cobas-41-s":"Gift of Mrs. Morita Chikka","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>This work comprises two separate calligraphic fragments. The small handwriting stands out vividly against the imported Chinese paper dyed in contrasting colors. The “Hon'ami Fragments” were named after the calligrapher and multitalented artist Hon'ami Kōetsu (1558–1637), who owned and admired them.<br /></p>"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14440/image/slideshow_s/E-14440_E0069115.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"coordinates":{"lat":36.16337966918945,"lon":140.1440887451172},"database":"cobas","dclass":"210","description":"<p>鈕は素鈕で界圏をもたず、縁は断面蒲鉾形を呈します。鈕の下方に竹垣を描き、中央に薄(すすき)、その両側に鳥を描いています。<br /></p>","id":"cobas-71567","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-14440","location":["茨城県土浦市 東城寺経塚出土","From Tojoji Sutra Mound, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki"],"ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・12世紀","Heian period, 12th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14440/image/slideshow_s/E-14440_E0069115.jpg"],"title":"竹垣薄双鳥鏡残片","titleEn":"Mirror (Fragment), Bamboo fence, plume grass and paired bird design","titleYomi":"たけがきにすすきそうちょうきょうざんぺん"},"id":"cobas-71567","rdfindex":{"spatial":["日本 > 茨城県"],"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["金工"]},"cobas-0-s":"71567","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/E-14440","cobas-2-s":"E-14440","cobas-4-s":"金工","cobas-5-s":"竹垣薄双鳥鏡残片","cobas-6-s":"たけがきにすすきそうちょうきょうざんぺん","cobas-7-s":"1面","cobas-10-s":"茨城県土浦市 東城寺経塚出土","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・12世紀","cobas-12-s":"銅製　鋳造","cobas-13-s":"面径[8.0]cm, 縁高0.3cm","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>鈕は素鈕で界圏をもたず、縁は断面蒲鉾形を呈します。鈕の下方に竹垣を描き、中央に薄(すすき)、その両側に鳥を描いています。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/E-14440/image/slideshow_s/E-14440_E0069115.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"49357","cobas-22-s":"71567","cobas-31-s":"Metalwork","cobas-32-s":"Mirror (Fragment), Bamboo fence, plume grass and paired bird design","cobas-36-s":"From Tojoji Sutra Mound, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 12th century","cobas-38-s":"Cast bronze","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1869/image/slideshow_s/C-1869_C0070347.jpg"],"contributor":["川端龍子氏寄贈","Gift of Mr. Kawabata Ryūshi","東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"718","description":"<p>　片手に宝塔を捧げ持つ毘沙門天の像です。東西南北ににらみをきかせ仏教を守護する四天王のうち、北方を守る多聞天（たもんてん）は、毘沙門天（びしゃもんてん）と呼ばれ単独でも人びとの信仰を集めました。<br />　この像は、平安時代の終わりに作られたものです。全体に動きが控えめで穏やかな印象は、平安時代の仏像の特徴です。毘沙門天の衣をよく見ると、緑・青・橙（だいだい）・赤などの美しい色が塗られています。さらに、細く切った金箔で繊細な文様を表す截金（きりかね）という技法が全身に使われていることがわかります。優美で華麗な装飾は、平安時代後期の仏像や仏画の特徴です。いっぽう、引き締まった顔の表情や、内側から水晶をはめてきらりと目を光らせる「玉眼」（ぎょくがん）という技法を使っている点は、鎌倉時代に流行する写実的な仏像の先がけということができるでしょう。<br />　実はこの像の中には、全部で513体もの毘沙門天の姿を表わした110枚の紙が納められていました。これは印仏（いんぶつ）といって、仏像の形を版に彫ってスタンプのように押したものです。ほかに、美しく彩色された仏画もありました。毘沙門天の衣の色が、仏像とほぼ同じであることから、仏像がつくられたのと同じ時期に納められたものと考えられます。たくさんのスタンプをひとつひとつ押した人はこの仏像にどんな思いをこめたのでしょうか。</p><br /><p>京都府との境近くにあった奈良・中川寺＠なかがわでら＠（現在は廃絶）に安置されていた毘沙門天立像です。小ぶりな顔立ちや均整のとれた体つきなどから、慶派＠けいは＠仏師の源流である奈良仏師の作と考えられます。細く切った金箔や彩色による華やかな文様は、平安時代後期の美意識を伝えます。<br /></p>","descriptionEn":"<p>This is a statue of Bishamon Ten, or Vaisravana in Sanskrit. The deity is shown here holding a one-storied pagoda in one hand. As a member of the Shitenno, or the four heavenly kings who watch over the four directions, this deity is known as Tamon Ten, the guardian of the northern quarter. However, he also attracted many followers in his own right as Bishamon Ten.<br /><br />The image exudes an overall aura of calm and stillness. The deity's clothes have been painted with lavish green, blue, orange and red hues. Further inspection reveals how the entire surface has been decorated with intricate patterns formed from thin strips of gold leaf, a technique known as kirikane. This elegant, ornate decoration is characteristic of Buddhist paintings and statues from the late Heian period. However, some features foreshadow the more realistic Buddhist statuary that would grow popular in the following Kamakura period. These include the taut facial expressions and the use of inlaid crystal to make the eyes shine.<br /><br />110 prints featuring 513 depictions of Bishamon Ten were also found inside the statue. These were printed from a wooden block carved in the shape of the statue. Also found inside was a beautifully-colored Buddhist painting. The colors of the painted Bishamon Ten's clothes essentially match those of the statue. This suggests the painting was placed there when the statue was made. The statue must have inspired a lot of devotion for someone to individually stamp out so many images.</p><br /><p>In 1162, a team of expert artisans carved this statue from wood and decorated its armor with intricate patterns in gold leaf. The statue portrays Bishamonten, one of the most widely worshiped guardian gods in Japanese Buddhism. He tramples a demon representing evil and ignorance, while holding a miniature pagoda symbolizing the Buddha. Crystal eyes imbue the face with a sense of life.<br /></p>","id":"cobas-59127","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/C-1869","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・応保2年(1162)","Heian period, 1162"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1869/image/slideshow_s/C-1869_C0070347.jpg"],"title":"毘沙門天立像","titleEn":"The Guardian God Bishamonten","titleYomi":"びしゃもんてんりゅうぞう"},"id":"cobas-59127","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["彫刻"]},"cobas-0-s":"59127","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/C-1869","cobas-2-s":"C-1869","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"彫刻","cobas-5-s":"毘沙門天立像","cobas-6-s":"びしゃもんてんりゅうぞう","cobas-7-s":"1軀","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・応保2年(1162)","cobas-12-s":"木造、彩色・截金、玉眼","cobas-13-s":"像高102.5","cobas-15-s":"川端龍子氏寄贈","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　片手に宝塔を捧げ持つ毘沙門天の像です。東西南北ににらみをきかせ仏教を守護する四天王のうち、北方を守る多聞天（たもんてん）は、毘沙門天（びしゃもんてん）と呼ばれ単独でも人びとの信仰を集めました。<br />　この像は、平安時代の終わりに作られたものです。全体に動きが控えめで穏やかな印象は、平安時代の仏像の特徴です。毘沙門天の衣をよく見ると、緑・青・橙（だいだい）・赤などの美しい色が塗られています。さらに、細く切った金箔で繊細な文様を表す截金（きりかね）という技法が全身に使われていることがわかります。優美で華麗な装飾は、平安時代後期の仏像や仏画の特徴です。いっぽう、引き締まった顔の表情や、内側から水晶をはめてきらりと目を光らせる「玉眼」（ぎょくがん）という技法を使っている点は、鎌倉時代に流行する写実的な仏像の先がけということができるでしょう。<br />　実はこの像の中には、全部で513体もの毘沙門天の姿を表わした110枚の紙が納められていました。これは印仏（いんぶつ）といって、仏像の形を版に彫ってスタンプのように押したものです。ほかに、美しく彩色された仏画もありました。毘沙門天の衣の色が、仏像とほぼ同じであることから、仏像がつくられたのと同じ時期に納められたものと考えられます。たくさんのスタンプをひとつひとつ押した人はこの仏像にどんな思いをこめたのでしょうか。</p><br /><p>京都府との境近くにあった奈良・中川寺＠なかがわでら＠（現在は廃絶）に安置されていた毘沙門天立像です。小ぶりな顔立ちや均整のとれた体つきなどから、慶派＠けいは＠仏師の源流である奈良仏師の作と考えられます。細く切った金箔や彩色による華やかな文様は、平安時代後期の美意識を伝えます。<br /></p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1869/image/slideshow_s/C-1869_C0070347.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"36383","cobas-22-s":"59127","cobas-29-s":"彫刻:仏教彫刻:天","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Sculpture","cobas-32-s":"The Guardian God Bishamonten","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 1162","cobas-38-s":"Wood with pigment, gold leaf, and inlaid crystal eyes","cobas-41-s":"Gift of Mr. Kawabata Ryūshi","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>This is a statue of Bishamon Ten, or Vaisravana in Sanskrit. The deity is shown here holding a one-storied pagoda in one hand. As a member of the Shitenno, or the four heavenly kings who watch over the four directions, this deity is known as Tamon Ten, the guardian of the northern quarter. However, he also attracted many followers in his own right as Bishamon Ten.<br /><br />The image exudes an overall aura of calm and stillness. The deity's clothes have been painted with lavish green, blue, orange and red hues. Further inspection reveals how the entire surface has been decorated with intricate patterns formed from thin strips of gold leaf, a technique known as kirikane. This elegant, ornate decoration is characteristic of Buddhist paintings and statues from the late Heian period. However, some features foreshadow the more realistic Buddhist statuary that would grow popular in the following Kamakura period. These include the taut facial expressions and the use of inlaid crystal to make the eyes shine.<br /><br />110 prints featuring 513 depictions of Bishamon Ten were also found inside the statue. These were printed from a wooden block carved in the shape of the statue. Also found inside was a beautifully-colored Buddhist painting. The colors of the painted Bishamon Ten's clothes essentially match those of the statue. This suggests the painting was placed there when the statue was made. The statue must have inspired a lot of devotion for someone to individually stamp out so many images.</p><br /><p>In 1162, a team of expert artisans carved this statue from wood and decorated its armor with intricate patterns in gold leaf. The statue portrays Bishamonten, one of the most widely worshiped guardian gods in Japanese Buddhism. He tramples a demon representing evil and ignorance, while holding a miniature pagoda symbolizing the Buddha. Crystal eyes imbue the face with a sense of life.<br /></p>","cobas-46-s":"Sculpture:Buddhist sculpture:Devas"},{"common":{"access":"PUBLIC","apiType":"ok","category":["cultural","art"],"contentsAccess":"internet","contentsRightsType":"ccby","contentsType":"image","contentsUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1525/image/slideshow_s/C-1525_E0169957.jpg"],"contributor":["東京国立博物館","Tokyo National Museum"],"database":"cobas","dclass":"914","description":"<p>　仏教では、さまざまな名前、姿や形、役割をもった仏たちが登場します。明王とは 「知恵と呪文の王者」という意味です。仏教の一種である「密教」（みっきょう）では、「大日如来」（だいにちにょらい）という仏が、宇宙の中心的な存在と考えられました。明王は、その大日如来の化身で、怒りの表情や威嚇（いかく）するような姿かたちを示すことで、より強く仏教の信仰をうながす役割を果たします。ですので、明王には怖い顔をしたり、体の色が赤や青であったり、武器を持つものが多いのです。その代表格が不動明王です。不動明王は、日本では平安時代9世紀以降に信仰され、彫像や絵画も数多くの名作が今に伝わっています。<br />　この像は、不動明王（ふどうみょうおう）です。ヒノキの材を彫って形をつくり、表面に彩色をしています。右肩をいからせ、右足に体重をあずけて、力のこもったポーズをとります。 右手には剣を持ち、左手には「羂索」（けんさく）というロープを下げています。これらは敵を倒すための武器ではなく、剣で人々の煩悩（ぼんのう）を切り裂き、羂索で人々を救いあげることを意味しています。不動明王の基本的な姿かたちは大きく２つあります。一つは、頭髪は「総髪」（そうはつ）というオールバックで、結わえた毛先を左肩に垂らし、両目を見開き、上の歯で下唇を噛む姿です。この像はもう一つの形式で、頭は巻髪（まきがみ）で、結わえた毛先を左肩に垂らし、左目をしかめ、唇の上下に牙をのぞかせています。顔の造りが中央にまとまり、表情もややおとなしいことや、衣（ころも）の線が整っていることなど、洗練された趣きがあります。一方で、内部はくり抜いて空洞にしますが、頭と体の中心を含む体幹部を一本の木材から彫り出す構造や、下半身の重たげな肉づきなど、古い様式も残しています 。<br /></p><br /><p>巻き髪で左肩に結わえた髪を垂らし、左目をすがめ、唇の上下に牙を出す姿は、9世紀末に成立し、その後も流行した不動明王のスタイルです。顔の作りが中央にまとまり、表情もややおとなしいことや衣の線が整っていることなどに、洗練された趣きがあります。</p>","descriptionEn":"<p>The buddhist pantheon includes a variety of buddhist deities with different names, appearances, and roles. In esoteric buddhism, a deity called Dainichi was believed to stand at the center of the universe. Wisdom kings are avatars of Dainichi who serve to promote stronger faith in Buddhism by displaying their furious expressions and menacing appearances. Many wisdom kings therefore have terrifying faces, red or blue skin, or hold weapons. The wisdom king Fudō is a typical example. He has been worshipped in Japan since the 9th century, during the Heian period (794-1192), and many renowned sculptures and paintings of him survive to the present day.<br /><br />This is a statue of the wisdom king Fudō. It is carved from cypress wood and its surface painted. The wisdom king strikes a powerful pose, with his right shoulder squared and his weight on his right foot. He holds a sword in his right hand and a rope called a pasha dangled from his left. These are not weapons for defeating enemies; they mean that the wisdom king cuts through worldly desires with his sword and saves people with his rope. The wisdom king Fudō has two basic appearances. In one, he is depicted with his hair swept back and the tied ends draped over his left shoulder, both eyes open and biting his lower lip with his upper lip. This sculpture represents the other type, with curly hair, the tied ends of which are draped over his left shoulder, his left eye closed and fangs protruding from between his lips. Refined taste is apparent in the central arrangement of the wisdom king’s facial features, his somewhat subdued expression and the orderly lines of his robes. The image also retains old styles, which is apparent in the fact that, although its interior has been hollowed out, its trunk, including the head and center of the body, is carved from a single piece of wood, and in the heavy build of the wisdom king’s lower body.</p><br /><p>Fudō is a powerful god who fights evil and intimidates stubborn unbelievers into following Buddhism. He holds a sword that cuts through ignorance and a lasso that pulls people toward salvation. The rocky pedestal symbolizes his unshakable nature.</p>","id":"cobas-59024","lastUpdatedDate":1780935782457,"linkUrl":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/C-1525","ownerOrg":"nich","provider":"tnm","temporal":["平安時代・11世紀","Heian period, 11th century"],"thumbnailUrl":["https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1525/image/slideshow_s/C-1525_E0169957.jpg"],"title":"不動明王立像","titleEn":"The Wisdom King Fudō","titleYomi":"ふどうみょうおうりゅうぞう"},"id":"cobas-59024","rdfindex":{"temporal":["平安時代"],"type":["彫刻"]},"cobas-0-s":"59024","cobas-1-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/collection_items/tnm/C-1525","cobas-2-s":"C-1525","cobas-3-s":"重要文化財","cobas-4-s":"彫刻","cobas-5-s":"不動明王立像","cobas-6-s":"ふどうみょうおうりゅうぞう","cobas-7-s":"1軀","cobas-11-s":"平安時代・11世紀","cobas-12-s":"木造、彩色","cobas-13-s":"像高165.2　光背高236.4　台座高42.7","cobas-16-s":"東京国立博物館","cobas-17-h":"<p>　仏教では、さまざまな名前、姿や形、役割をもった仏たちが登場します。明王とは 「知恵と呪文の王者」という意味です。仏教の一種である「密教」（みっきょう）では、「大日如来」（だいにちにょらい）という仏が、宇宙の中心的な存在と考えられました。明王は、その大日如来の化身で、怒りの表情や威嚇（いかく）するような姿かたちを示すことで、より強く仏教の信仰をうながす役割を果たします。ですので、明王には怖い顔をしたり、体の色が赤や青であったり、武器を持つものが多いのです。その代表格が不動明王です。不動明王は、日本では平安時代9世紀以降に信仰され、彫像や絵画も数多くの名作が今に伝わっています。<br />　この像は、不動明王（ふどうみょうおう）です。ヒノキの材を彫って形をつくり、表面に彩色をしています。右肩をいからせ、右足に体重をあずけて、力のこもったポーズをとります。 右手には剣を持ち、左手には「羂索」（けんさく）というロープを下げています。これらは敵を倒すための武器ではなく、剣で人々の煩悩（ぼんのう）を切り裂き、羂索で人々を救いあげることを意味しています。不動明王の基本的な姿かたちは大きく２つあります。一つは、頭髪は「総髪」（そうはつ）というオールバックで、結わえた毛先を左肩に垂らし、両目を見開き、上の歯で下唇を噛む姿です。この像はもう一つの形式で、頭は巻髪（まきがみ）で、結わえた毛先を左肩に垂らし、左目をしかめ、唇の上下に牙をのぞかせています。顔の造りが中央にまとまり、表情もややおとなしいことや、衣（ころも）の線が整っていることなど、洗練された趣きがあります。一方で、内部はくり抜いて空洞にしますが、頭と体の中心を含む体幹部を一本の木材から彫り出す構造や、下半身の重たげな肉づきなど、古い様式も残しています 。<br /></p><br /><p>巻き髪で左肩に結わえた髪を垂らし、左目をすがめ、唇の上下に牙を出す姿は、9世紀末に成立し、その後も流行した不動明王のスタイルです。顔の作りが中央にまとまり、表情もややおとなしいことや衣の線が整っていることなどに、洗練された趣きがあります。</p>","cobas-18-u":"https://colbase.nich.go.jp/media/tnm/C-1525/image/slideshow_s/C-1525_E0169957.jpg","cobas-19-s":"tnm","cobas-20-s":"12f08f3c06a62af80737925634848303","cobas-21-s":"36250","cobas-22-s":"59024","cobas-29-s":"彫刻:仏教彫刻:明王","cobas-30-s":"Important Cultural Property","cobas-31-s":"Sculpture","cobas-32-s":"The Wisdom King Fudō","cobas-37-s":"Heian period, 11th century","cobas-38-s":"Wood with pigment","cobas-42-s":"Tokyo National Museum","cobas-43-h":"<p>The buddhist pantheon includes a variety of buddhist deities with different names, appearances, and roles. In esoteric buddhism, a deity called Dainichi was believed to stand at the center of the universe. Wisdom kings are avatars of Dainichi who serve to promote stronger faith in Buddhism by displaying their furious expressions and menacing appearances. Many wisdom kings therefore have terrifying faces, red or blue skin, or hold weapons. The wisdom king Fudō is a typical example. He has been worshipped in Japan since the 9th century, during the Heian period (794-1192), and many renowned sculptures and paintings of him survive to the present day.<br /><br />This is a statue of the wisdom king Fudō. It is carved from cypress wood and its surface painted. The wisdom king strikes a powerful pose, with his right shoulder squared and his weight on his right foot. He holds a sword in his right hand and a rope called a pasha dangled from his left. These are not weapons for defeating enemies; they mean that the wisdom king cuts through worldly desires with his sword and saves people with his rope. The wisdom king Fudō has two basic appearances. In one, he is depicted with his hair swept back and the tied ends draped over his left shoulder, both eyes open and biting his lower lip with his upper lip. This sculpture represents the other type, with curly hair, the tied ends of which are draped over his left shoulder, his left eye closed and fangs protruding from between his lips. Refined taste is apparent in the central arrangement of the wisdom king’s facial features, his somewhat subdued expression and the orderly lines of his robes. The image also retains old styles, which is apparent in the fact that, although its interior has been hollowed out, its trunk, including the head and center of the body, is carved from a single piece of wood, and in the heavy build of the wisdom king’s lower body.</p><br /><p>Fudō is a powerful god who fights evil and intimidates stubborn unbelievers into following Buddhism. He holds a sword that cuts through ignorance and a lasso that pulls people toward salvation. The rocky pedestal symbolizes his unshakable nature.</p>","cobas-46-s":"Sculpture:Buddhist sculpture:Wisdom Kings"}]}